Void Platforms

ABSTRACT

A panel is disclosed which is suitable for installation to form a platform or part of a platform in a void of a building structure. The panel is operable to extend between a first support member and a second support member both of which extend across at least a portion of the void. The panel has: a deck component with: a first end and a second end opposite the first end; a pair of opposed, substantially straight sides each extending from the first end to the second end; and a substantially planar surface portion which extends: between the opposed sides at the first end, and from the first end at least part of the way, but not necessarily all the way, to the second end; and one or more first engaging formations at the first end of the deck component and operable to engage with the first support member to support the deck component relative to the first support member, and one or more second engaging formations at the second end of the deck component and operable to engage with the second support member to support the deck component relative to the second support member. At least one out of the first and second engaging formation(s) is/are configured to support the relevant end of the deck component relative to the relevant support member from approximately directly vertically beneath, and/or from approximately within vertical planes containing, each of the straight sides of the deck component.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present invention relates to panels which can be used to construct temporary and removable platforms spanning voids in buildings. In other words, the invention relates to panels that can be used to construct these temporary and removable “void platforms”. Such void platforms are often used, for example, to provide safe access for builders and other tradespeople to elevated areas within and around a void in a building during construction or renovation of the building.

Whilst the invention may find use in the construction of such temporary void platforms and will therefore be explained mainly in the context of this application, it is to be clearly understood that the invention is not necessarily limited to use only for this purpose or only in this application. The invention may therefore also find use in other areas of construction, or even in other non-construction related fields.

BACKGROUND

A void in a building is an open space within the building which typically has a height extending for more than one floor or level of the building. Voids may be created in buildings, for example, to accommodate stairwells or elevators, to create atriums or other open (high) spaces within buildings, etc. Because voids (or void spaces) in buildings typically extend vertically for more than one floor or level of the building, whenever builders or other tradespeople require access in order to work at height in elevated areas within and/or around the void, e.g. during construction or renovation of the building, safety measures must be taken to protect them from height-related dangers (e.g. to protect against falls from height into the void space and onto the floor below, to prevent hazards associated with objects that might fall through the open void space from height endangering persons working below, etc).

Some safety systems that are sometimes used around voids are hand rails and other like forms of simple “edge protection”. However, these have a number of shortcomings. For instance, they generally do not prevent a builder or tradesperson from falling into the void, for example, if the person overbalances and falls over the handrail. Further, these kinds of simple edge protection do not provide workers with access to elevated areas of the building structure from within the void space. This is a significant limitation because often work has to be done in these areas. For example, plasterboard or other wall cladding is often applied to the full height of the wall surfaces that define edges of the void space. Further, once plasterboard or other wall cladding or surface sheeting is applied to the full height of such walls of a void, this typically needs to be plastered or otherwise finished, and painted, and these things often cannot be done unless workers have access to the walls from an elevated position within the void. Yet further, services, e.g. electrical and mechanical services, often need to be installed on walls and ceilings around or above or within the void.

Australian Patent Application No. 2017202444 (“the 444 application”), the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference, discloses, among other things, support struts that can be installed across (i.e. to span) a void in a building. The 444 application also discloses panels which can be placed onto those support struts to provide an elevated platform or surface across the void (i.e. a void platform) on which builders and other tradespeople may walk, move around, work, etc. Whilst the contents of the 444 application are incorporated herein by reference, the present invention relates to panels which may improve upon those panels disclosed in the 444 application and also upon other panels that have previously been used in the construction of void platforms.

Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2 below, the illustrations in these figures are identical to the illustrations that form FIGS. 4 and 6 in the 444 application. The following passages (shown in italics), which describe these illustrations, are also extracted directly from the specification of the 444 application. However, in the italicised passages below from the 444 application, where a figure number appears in square brackets, this is to indicate that this is a reference to a figure in the present specification and replaces the original figure number appearing in the original text in the 444 application. Also, in the italicised passages below from the 444 application, where other text appears in square brackets, this indicates that this text does not appear in the original text in the 444 application.

-   -   FIG. [1] shows two support struts mounted in position extending         across a void of a building structure.     -   The flange 18 of the horizontal mounting bracket 10′ on the left         is positioned uppermost and extends across an upper surface of a         stud timber forming a plate member 25 of a building frame. The         other horizontal mounting bracket 10″ on the right side is         inverted with its flange 18 positioned lowermost extending         across a floor 26 adjacent to the void.     -   The horizontal mounting brackets 10 are configured and         dimensioned so that the elongate support member 22 extends         horizontally from said one end to the other end when the bracket         10′ is mounted on the plate member 25 and the bracket 10″ is         inverted and mounted on the floor 26. This is effectively         achieved by the specific location of the tube 14 on the wall         plate 16 of the angle section 12 when the bracket 10 is         fabricated. That is, a central axis of the tube 14 is positioned         midway up the height of the wall plate 16 when the bracket 10 is         mounted on the plate member 25. That way when it is inverted the         central axis is at the same height. This is very convenient         because it ensures that the support strut 20 is horizontally         extending without any effort or skill being required of the         installer. It follows that if both the support struts 20 are at         the same height and are horizontally extending, a deck mounted         on the support struts 20 will automatically be horizontally         extending. Importantly the horizontal orientation does not rely         on the skill of the installer to mount the brackets 10 so that         the strut 20 is horizontally extending. It uses the standard         dimensions of stud timber used for building timber frames for         houses to provide a bracket 10 that positions the tube 14 at the         same height whether it is upright or whether it is inverted . .         . .     -   FIG. [2] illustrates a part of a void platform which is         indicated generally by the reference numeral 40 for providing a         temporary floor support across a void 42 during construction.         The void platform 40 includes two parallel extending support         struts 20 as described above and illustrated in FIG. [1]. The         support struts 20 extend parallel to each other across a width         of the void 42 [as shown in FIG. 1] and are spaced apart along         the length of the void 42. Each strut 20 comprises an elongate         support member 22 having horizontal mounting brackets 10 at each         end thereof as described above and illustrated in FIGS. [1].     -   The void platform 40 further includes a plurality of decking         panels 44 mounted on the support struts 20. The decking panels         44 collectively form a deck surface for builders, tradesmen,         certifiers, and engineers (hereinafter referred to as building         workers) working on the construction. It provides a continuous         working surface that extends across the void and prevents         building workers from falling through the void. It also provides         a useful work platform enabling building workers to reach work         surfaces above the platform that they otherwise could not reach         without a ladder or scaffold.     -   Each decking panel 44 has a first end and a second end, and         mounting formations 46 on these ends for engaging the support         struts 20. The mounting formations 46 are configured to engage         the elongate members 22 in retaining fashion on the support         struts 20 by having a curved engagement surface which fits over         and around the support member 22.     -   In use, the void platform 40 is used to extend across a void 42         formed in a building and provide a working platform. In a         typical application on a high set or double story home the void         platform 40 is mounted at the same height as the upper level         floor. A hatch door [in one of the panels, not shown in FIG. 1         or 2] can be used to facilitate access to the void platform from         the ground level [or from the floor or level below] by means of         a ladder or the like [which can extend up through the hatch door         to allow the building worker to gain access to the void platform         through the hatch door].     -   The mounting brackets 10 are used to mount spaced pairs of         support struts 20 on the building structure around the void and         then decking panels 44 are mounted on these support struts. The         struts 20 and panels 44 are formed and arranged so as to         substantially cover the space defined by the void 42. Once the         void platform 40 is constructed it can be used by building         workers to access wall and ceiling surfaces above the platform         without risk of falling through the void onto a lower level.         Once building work on the void is complete the void platform can         be quickly and easily removed. A staircase or elevator can then         be installed in the void if this is the purpose of the void, or         the void may simply remain open (i.e. as in an atrium) if that         is its intended purpose.

In FIGS. 1 and 2 and the explanations thereof provided in the italicised passages above from the 444 application, the panels are referred to and labelled collectively as 44. Turning now to FIGS. 3 and 4, these figures also depict a void platform that has been created in a void in a building during construction of the building. FIG. 3 shows the void platform from above, and FIG. 4 shows the void platform from underneath. In FIGS. 3 and 4, there are actually two types of panels used. These two different types of panels are labelled in FIGS. 3 and 4 as panels 44′ and 44″ respectively. As most clearly shown in FIG. 3, the panels 44″ (several of which are shown) happen to be wider than the panel 44′ (only one of which is shown), although this may not always be the case. For the avoidance of doubt, the panels 44′ and 44″ are both forms of panel that have previously been used and neither incorporate or embody the present invention.

The construction of the panel 44′ is also slightly different to the construction of the panels 44″. The main difference is that, in the panel 44′, the surface component SC′ which forms the surface of the panel (i.e. the part of the panel 44′ that forms the surface upon which building workers can work and walk when the panel is in use as part of a void platform) is made from a sheet of wood (plywood or the like). In contrast, in the panels 44″, the (multiple) surface components SC″ of the panel (i.e. the parts of the panel 44″ that together form the surface upon which builders can work and walk) are formed from polycarbonate or other strong plastic or polymer. This difference (in terms of the materials from which the surface components SC are made) is visible in FIGS. 3 and 4, and in relation to the panels 44″, the surface components SC″ of which are polycarbonate, this is further illustrated in FIGS. 5 and 6. FIG. 5 shows the underside of one of the panels 44″ used in FIGS. 3 and 4, and FIG. 6 shows the top/upper surface of a shorter variant of these panels which incorporates a hinged hatch door HD″. The panel in FIG. 6 is therefore a form of “access panel” because, when the panel shown in FIG. 6 is in use as part of a void platform, the hatch door can be opened to allow access to the void platform from below. Note that, in FIG. 6, there are locations for a hinge to be attached on either side of the opening in the panel covered by the hatch door, but the hatch door would only ever be hinged on one of these sides at any one time, but this can be switched, depending on which way the hatch door needs to open and close when the access panel is in use in a particular void platform.

Whilst the construction of the panels 44″ and 44′ differs in terms of the material from which the surface component(s) thereof are made, aside from this, the overall construction of these panels is otherwise much the same. In both cases (i.e. for the panel 44′ and for the panel 44″), the panel surface component(s) (whether made from wood or polymer) is/are attached to and supported on a pair of spaced apart, parallel aluminium rails R. The two rails R on a given panel are also joined to one another by cross members or other panel subframe members, indicated generally as M. The cross/subframe members M of the panel 44′ can be seen in FIG. 4. The cross/subframe members M on the underside of the panels 44″ can be seen in FIG. 4 and also in FIG. 5. The construction of the panels is further illustrated in FIG. 7, which schematically illustrates one of these panels in end-on cross-section.

As shown in FIG. 7, the surface component SC of the panel (this could be a wooden surface component SC′ of a panel 44′ or a polymer surface component SC″ of a panel 44″) is supported on top of the spaced apart, parallel rails R. The rails R are thus located beneath the surface component SC towards, but slightly inward from, the respective parallel, opposed side edges of the surface component SC (i.e. the rails R are slightly inward from the sides of the surface component SC that correspond to the long side edges of the panel). Each of the rails R has a cross-section which resembles an inverted “T”. More specifically, the web W of each rail R corresponds to the vertical portion of the inverted “T”, and the lower flange “F” of each rail R corresponds to the horizontal (or cross) portion of the inverted “T”. Attached to the top of the web W on each rail R is a supporting channel piece which, like the rail, is typically made from metal such as aluminium. Like the rails R, the supporting channel pieces on the tops of each respective rail run the full length of the rail (and hence the full length of the panel). When viewed in cross-section, each of the supporting channel pieces has a flat plate portion P which is attached, and perpendicular, to the top of the web W of the rail and which supports the underside of the outer portion of the surface component SC on the relevant side of the panel, and on the outside of the plate P of each of the supporting channel pieces there is a channel portion C which extends up and over (i.e. which is in effect folded over to form a channel which receives) the outside edge of the surface component SC to thereby retain that outside edge of the surface component to the rail (i.e. to prevent the surface component from lifting away from or off the rail). In addition to this, in some panels, there are additional fasteners and/or other forms of fixings which extend into or through or between the rails and the surface component(s) to secure the surface component(s) to or relative to the rails (some such fasteners and other fixing arrangements are visible or partly visible in e.g. FIG. 3 and FIG. 6, however none of these are labelled in the figures nor will they be described further).

It was mentioned above that each panel has a first end and a second end, and that there are mounting formations 46 on these ends for engaging the support struts 20. In the particular panels illustrated in FIGS. 2-7, these mounting formations 46 all effectively “hook over” the elongate support members 22 such that the curved engagement surfaces of each of the mounting formations 46 engages around the (round) outer surface of the relevant support strut 20. For ease of reference, the mounting formations 46 on the panels will be referred to as hooks.

In order to enable panels to be installed end-to-end in their lengthwise direction when constructing a void platform (note: none of the figures show this), the hooks on one end (e.g. the first end) of each panel must generally be offset from the hooks on the other (e.g. second) end. This is because, when two panels are installed end-to-end in the longitudinal/lengthwise direction, the first end of one panel must be supported on the same support strut 20 as the second end of the other panel. Therefore, the hooks on the first end of the first panel must engage with and become supported on the same support strut 20 as the hooks on the second end of the second panel. To enable the hooks on the first end of the first panel to be supported on the same support strut 20 as the hooks on the second end of the second panel at the same time, the hooks on the first end of the first panel must each be horizontally offset (i.e. offset to one side) relative to the respective corresponding hooks on the second end of second panel. Otherwise, if the hooks on the first end of the first panel were not each horizontally offset relative to (i.e. if they were both horizontally in line with) the respective corresponding hooks on the second end of the second panel, the hooks on the first end of the first panel would collide with the hooks on the second end of the second panel when attempting to install the panels end-to-end—this would mean that the two panels could not be safely supported (at least not longitudinally in-line with each other as required) on the same support strut 20. However, if the hooks on the first end of the first panel are each horizontally offset relative to (i.e. if they are each located horizontally to one side of) the respective corresponding hooks on the second end of the second panel, the hooks on the first end of the first panel will not collide with, but rather they will sit safely side-by-side on the support strut 20 with the hooks on the second end of the second panel—this means that the two panels can be safely supported (longitudinally in-line with each other as required) on the same support strut 20.

For the panels of the types shown in FIGS. 2-7, the way in which this (i.e. having the hooks on one end (the first end) horizontally offset from the hooks on the other (second) end) is achieved is by installing the hooks at one end of the panel on one side of both webs W of the rails, and at the other end of the panel the hooks are installed on the opposite side of both webs W of the rails. That is to say, at one end of the panel, both of the hooks would be installed on the sides of the webs W of the rails marked A in FIG. 7, and at the other end of the panel both of the hooks would be installed on the sides of the webs W of the rails marked B.

There are a number of problems with the previously used panels described above and shown in FIGS. 2-7. One of these problems is that, when one of these panels is in use as part of a void platform and a significant downward/vertical force is applied to or near a very outer side or edge of the panel, such as when a building worker steps or leans heavily on the very outer side or edge of the panel, or if a heavy object is dropped onto the very outer side or side edge of the panel, or if a heavy weight is placed thereon (the vertically downward force created on the very outer side or edge of the panel in all of these examples is indicated by the double arrow I in FIG. 7) this can cause the panel to tip up such that the other opposite long side of the panel lifts up out of engagement with the support strut—this “tipping” of the panel is indicated by double arrow L in FIG. 7. This kind of “tipping” of the panel can be very dangerous for building workers who are working on the void platform. For example, if one of the panels tips or tilts such that one of its sides lifts up out of engagement with the support struts, there is a danger that a person or object could fall through the opening beneath the underside of the tilting panel created when that panel tilts or lifts up. Also, it is common for the panel that has lifted up to then crash back down again, often violently, and this may cause damage to objects or injuries to body parts which may be caught underneath the panel edge (or between the lifted panel edge and the edge of the horizontally adjacent panel) when it crashes back down. Furthermore, when the panel tilts up, this may cause a person standing on the panel to lose balance and fall, or it may cause objects resting on the panel to slide and become dislodged, etc. It will be appreciated that all of these things may be extremely dangerous and are undesirable.

Another problem with the previously used panels above is that the panels can often become damaged e.g. when they are being loaded onto or off a truck when being moved from one site to another, or when they are being moved temporarily into storage, or when they are being moved around as a particular void platform is being constructed or deconstructed. For instance, due to the shape of the panels (generally longer than they are wide), it is typically easiest for workers to lift and carry individual panels vertically upright by grasping the panel with one hand holding either of the long side edges. However, workers also often treat the panels quite roughly—this may be due e.g. to the fact that the panels can be heavy and also due to the need to move as many of the panels in as short a period of time as possible. As a result of these and other factors, it is not uncommon for the panels to be dropped on one end, often so that when the panel hits the ground the full weight of the panel is born by a single one of the hooks extending from near one of the corners of the panel. The hooks are not designed to withstand this kind of impact loading, and as a result this can often cause the impacted hook to become bent or broken (and because the hooks are typically made from aluminium alloy, they typically cannot simply be bent back and therefore typically need to be removed and replaced). Moreover, this kind of impact loading near one end corner of the panel can often lead to the entire panel becoming bent or distorted out of shape. Specifically, it can often lead to the whole frame or structure of the panel becoming canted or skewed into a slight parallelogram shape, as shown in FIG. 8. Note that the extent of this canting deformation is exaggerated in FIG. 8 for illustrative purposes. Nevertheless, where this occurs, significant repair work may be required before the panel can be safely returned to use. This may even require the panel to be disassembled or deconstructed (which may involve removing the surface component(s) and/or cutting the cross and/or subframing members away from the rails so that the cross/subframing members can be reattached, or new ones attached, square (rather than in a distorted/bent arrangement) between the rails, etc). This is obviously undesirable, not only due to the cost and effort involved in such repair work, but also because such damaged panels must be taken out of service and cannot be used until appropriate remediation work has been performed.

A further problem with the previously used panels above is that, due to their construction, these panels can often be very heavy. This can make them more difficult to use for installers when constructing or deconstructing a void platform, and also more difficult to load and unload from trucks for transport, etc.

It is to be clearly understood that mere reference in this specification to any previous or existing devices, apparatus, products, systems, methods, practices, publications or indeed to any other information, or to any problems or issues, does not constitute an acknowledgement or admission that any of those things, whether individually or in any combination, formed part of the common general knowledge of those skilled in the field or is admissible prior art.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In a first form, although not necessarily the only or broadest form, the invention resides in a panel suitable for installation to form a platform or part of a platform in a void of a building structure, the panel being operable to extend between (and span the space between) a first support member and a second support member where both support members extend across at least a portion of the void, the panel having:

-   -   a deck component with:         -   a first end and a second end opposite the first end;         -   a pair of opposed, substantially straight sides each             extending from the first end to the second end; and         -   a substantially planar (upper) surface portion (this surface             portion will typically be what forms a working surface of             the panel, and hence a working surface of the platform or             part of the platform, when the panel is in use) which             extends:             -   between the opposed sides at (and/or in the vicinity of)                 the first end (i.e. at the first end of the deck                 component the surface portion will typically extend from                 one side to the other in the panel's width direction),                 and             -   from the first end at least part of the way, but not                 necessarily all of the way, to the second end (i.e. in                 the panel's length direction, the surface portion may                 extend from the first end all the way to the second end,                 or only part of the way from the first end to the second                 end); and     -   one or more first engaging formations at (or associated with)         the first end of the deck component and operable to engage with         the first support member to support the deck component relative         to the first support member, and     -   one or more second engaging formations at (or associated with)         the second end of the deck component and operable to engage with         the second support member to support the deck component relative         to the second support member (the second engaging formation(s)         may be the same as, or different to, the first engaging         formation(s)),     -   wherein the first engaging formation(s) and/or the second         engaging formation(s) (i.e. the engaging formation(s) at (or         associated with) at least one end of the deck component) is/are         configured to support the relevant end of the deck component         relative to the relevant support member from (*at least)         approximately directly vertically beneath, and/or from (*at         least) approximately within vertical planes containing, each of         the straight sides of the deck component.

Hence, at one of the ends of the deck component at least, the configuration of the engaging formation(s) at that end, and/or the way in which or the location at which the engaging formation(s) connect/contact/join to or with the deck component at that end, and/or the way in which or the location at which the engaging formation(s) at that end engage the support member, should be such that support for that end of the deck component relative to the support member is provided: from approximately directly vertically beneath each of the straight sides of the deck component; and/or and from approximately within a pair of vertical planes each containing a respective one of the straight sides of the deck component. However it should also be noted that the engaging formation(s) at the said end may also engage with the relevant support member at other locations and/or in other ways too (this last point is what the words “*at least” above signify).

It is thought that the invention in the first broad form described above may help to overcome or reduce the problem discussed in the Background section above associated with “tipping” or “tilting” of panels. It is thought that that problem can arise with the forms of decking panel that have previously been used (which are described in the Background section above) because, on those previous panels, there is a horizontal space or distance (this distance is represented as LA in FIG. 7) between the very outer side or edge of the panel and the location relative to the panel where the hooks engage and provide support for the panel when supported on the support members (support struts). Recall that, in the previously used panels described above, the hooks attach to one side or other of the web W of the respective rails R (the hooks on one end of the panel attach on one side of the web W of the rails and the hooks on the other end of the panel attach on the other side of the web W of the rails). In any case, the hooks in the previously used panels are attached to the webs of the rails. As a result of this, when a downward force is applied to the very outer side or edge of the panel as indicated by arrow I in FIG. 7, this downward force is applied at a distance LA horizontally to the outside of the location relative to the panel where the hooks engage and provide support for the panel. This distance (i.e. the outer portion of the panel within the distance or space LA) therefore effectively operates as a lever arm, such that the downward force I causes the overall panel to pivot about the location where the nearby hook provides support for the panel relative to the support strut. This is therefore what causes the panel to tip or tilt up, as indicated by arrow L.

It is thought that the invention in the first broad form described above may help to overcome or reduce this tipping problem because, at one of the ends of the deck component at least, the engaging formation(s) support the relevant end of the deck component relative to the relevant support member from approximately directly vertically beneath, and/or from approximately within vertical planes containing, each of the straight sides of the deck component. Because the engaging formation(s) (at least at one end of the panel) support the deck component relative to the associated support member from approximately directly vertically beneath each of the straight sides of the deck component, and/or from approximately within vertical planes containing the respective straight sides, consequently even if a significant vertical impact or load is imposed on one of very outside edges or sides of the panel, the line of action of such force would effectively extend through (or at least very close to) the location where the engaging formation(s) support the deck component. In other words, there is no (or substantially no) space or distance in the horizontal direction between the location where the force is imposed (on the very outer side or edge of the panel) and the location where the support member(s) support the deck component (which is also vertically beneath or in the same vertical plane as the relevant outer side or edge of the panel). In other words, there is no (or substantially no) horizontal space or distance like LA in FIG. 7. Consequently, no (or substantially no) lever arm is created that would cause the panel to tip or tilt.

In some preferred embodiments, the first and the second engaging formation(s) (i.e. the engaging formation(s) at (or associated with) both ends of the deck component) may each be configured to support their respective ends of the deck component relative to the respective support members from (*at least) approximately directly vertically beneath, and/or from (*at least) approximately within vertical planes containing, each of the straight sides of the deck component. In other words, in these embodiments, at both ends of the deck component, the configuration of the engaging formation(s), and/or the way in which or the location at which the engaging formation(s) connect/contact/join to or with the deck component, and/or the way in which or the location at which the engaging formation(s) engage the support members, may be such that support for the ends of the deck component relative to the respective associated support members is provided from approximately directly vertically beneath each of the straight sides of the deck component, and/or from approximately within a pair of vertical planes each containing a respective one of the straight sides of the deck component, although it should again be noted that the engaging formation(s) at the ends may also engage with the relevant support members at other locations and/or in other ways too (this last point is again what the words “*at least” above signify).

The embodiments referred to in the previous paragraph, wherein the engaging formation(s) at both ends of the deck component support their respective ends of the deck component relative to the respective support members from approximately directly vertically beneath, and/or from approximately within vertical planes containing, each of the straight sides of the deck component, may be even more effective at preventing the tipping or tilting problem than embodiments in which the engaging formation(s) at only one of the ends of the deck component support the ends of the deck component relative to the relevant support member from approximately directly vertically beneath and/or from approximately within vertical planes containing each of the straight sides of the deck component.

The deck component may further include a side portion. The side portion may extend at least partly along one of the sides of the deck component. Often, the deck component may include side portions on either side of the deck component. The side portion(s) on each side may extend at least partly along the side. Alternatively, the deck component includes side portions on either side, there may be a single side portion on each side of the deck component, and both of the side portions may extend all the way from the first end to the second end of the deck component. However, further alternative embodiments are also possible in which the side portion on one or both sides extends for only part of the length of the relevant side. There may also be embodiments in which multiple side portions are provided on a given side of the deck component. In that case, one of the side portions may extend along a portion of the said side of the deck component, and another side portion may extend along another portion of the same side of the deck component, and there may or may not be spaces between the separate side portions along the said side of the deck component. The side portion(s) on one side of the deck component need not necessarily be the same as the side portion(s) on the other side, and it may be that only one side of the deck component has side portion(s).

In some preferred embodiments, there may be a single side portion on each side of the deck component, and on each side of the deck component the side portion may extend substantially along the whole side from the first end to the second end. Where this is the case, the side portions on the respective sides of the deck component may help to provide or improve the deck component's structural strength and/or rigidity. The side portions may also provide a location or means for mounting the engaging formation(s) or for otherwise enabling the engaging formation(s) (at one or both ends of the deck component) to join or connect to the deck component.

In the embodiments described in the previous paragraph where there is a single side portion on each side of the deck component and the side portion on each side of the deck component extends substantially along the whole side from the first end to the second end, when the panel is in use supported by the support members, the (substantially planar/flat) surface portion of the deck component may be substantially horizontal, and the side portions may be formed so that in use they extend (or depend) relatively at least somewhat downwardly from the sides of the deck component. In some preferred instances, the side portions may be formed so that they extend (or depend) downward from the sides of deck component substantially perpendicular to the (horizontal in use) surface portion.

Each of the side portions may be integral with the (planar) surface portion of the deck component. If the side portions are “integral with the surface portion”, this is intended to cover the situation where the side portions are formed together with (i.e. as a single piece with) the surface portion, but it is also intended to covers the situation where the side portions are initially formed separately but then joined to the sides of the surface portion, e.g. by welding or the like, so as to become in effect a single component with, or part of one and the same component as, the surface portion. Whilst it is considered that the side portions may often (i.e. in many embodiments they will) be integral with the surface portion of the deck component (where integral has the meaning just described), there also may be alternative embodiments in which the side portions are formed separately from the surface portion and then simply attached or connected to the surface portion e.g. by bolts or rivets or other fasteners. In this latter case, however, whilst the side portions would be attached to the surface portion, they would not effectively become a part of one and the same component as the surface portion, and therefore would not be considered to be integral with the surface portion.

In embodiments where each of the side portions is integral with the surface portion of the deck component, the surface portion and the side portions of the deck component may be formed as a single, unitary component from a single piece of material. Typically, albeit not necessarily or always, the material may be a metal or metal alloy. In some embodiments, the deck component (which includes the surface portion and the side portions which depend from the sides of the deck portion) may be roll formed and/or folded from sheet metal. However, for the avoidance of doubt, other manufacturing processes and techniques may also be possible, and if so used, for example extrusion.

In some particular embodiments the deck component may be made from aluminium alloy sheet. In such embodiments, it is thought that relatively thin aluminium alloy sheet, for example with a thickness of around 3 mm, may be sufficient to provide the deck component with adequate strength and rigidity.

The surface portion of the deck component may have a number of holes or other openings formed therein. The number, shape and/or arrangement of these holes or other openings may help to reduce the weight of the deck component, add rigidity, and/or provide grip. However, preferably none of the holes or other openings should be large enough for anything large to fall through, which might cause danger to persons below when the panel is in use as a platform or part of a platform in a void. In embodiments where the deck component is made from sheet metal such as aluminium sheet or the like, at least some of the holes (if present) may be laser cut. Alternatively, or additionally, the holes (or some of the holes, if not all of them) may be punched from below so as to form raised rims associated with each punched hole. These raised rims associated with each punched hole may provide greater rigidity and/or grip.

In some embodiments, the surface portion of the deck component may have a number of relatively larger holes (these larger holes should preferably still not be large enough for anything large or dangerous to fall through) and also a number of relatively smaller holes formed therein. The larger holes and the smaller holes may be interspersed evenly, or in a consistent or repeating arrangement with one another, over at least a portion of the area (typically a majority of the area) of the surface portion.

In some embodiments:

-   -   the first engaging formation(s) (recall that these are at (or         associated with) the first end of the deck component and operate         to engage with the first support member to support the deck         component relative to the first support member) may include a         pair of hook members,     -   each hook member may have a mounting portion and a support         member engaging portion,     -   the mounting portion of one of the hook members may be mounted         to an inside surface of the side portion on one side of the deck         component, such that the support member engaging portion of this         hook member projects out beyond the first end of the deck         component, and     -   the mounting portion of the other of the hook member may be         mounted to an inside surface of the side portion on the other         side of the deck component, such that the support member         engaging portion of that hook member also projects out beyond         the first end of the deck component.         The amount/distance which the support member engaging portion of         the second-mentioned hook member above projects out from the         first end of the deck component may often (although not         necessarily always) need to be the same as the amount which the         support member engaging portion of the first-mentioned hook         member above projects out. E.g. if the first support member         extends perpendicular to the lengthwise direction of the panel,         the support member engaging portions of these two hook members         at the first end of the deck component should (at least usually)         extend out the same distance from the first end. However, it may         be that the amount which the support member engaging portion of         one of the hook members extends out from the first end of the         deck component can be adjusted or varied to be different to the         amount which the support member engaging portion of the other         hook member extends out form the first end. This may be useful         or required if there is a need for the two hook members to both         engage with a first support member that extends at an angle         other than perpendicular to the lengthwise direction of the         panel.

Similar to the above, in some embodiments:

-   -   the second engaging formation(s) (recall that these are at (or         associated with) the second end of the deck component and         operate to engage with the second support member to support the         deck component relative to the second support member) may         include a pair of hook members,     -   each hook member may have a mounting portion and a support         member engaging portion,     -   the mounting portion of one of the hook members may be mounted         to an inside surface of the side portion on one side of the deck         component, such that the support member engaging portion of this         hook member projects out beyond the second end of the deck         component, and     -   the mounting portion of the other of the hook member may be         mounted to an inside surface of the side portion on the other         side of the deck component, such that the support member         engaging portion of that hook member also projects out beyond         the second end of the deck component.         As above, the amount/distance which the support member engaging         portion of the second-mentioned hook member above projects out         from the second end of the deck component may often (although         not necessarily always) need to be the same as the amount which         the support member engaging portion of the first-mentioned hook         member above projects out. E.g. if the second support member         extends perpendicular to the lengthwise direction of the panel,         the support member engaging portions of the two hook members at         the second end of the deck component should (at least usually)         extend out the same distance form the second end. However, it         may be that the amount which the support member engaging portion         of one of the hook members extends out from the second end of         the deck component can be adjusted or varied to be different to         the amount which the support member engaging portion of the         other hook member extends out from the second end. And as above,         this may be useful or required if there is a need for the two         hook members at the second end to both engage with a second         support member that extends at an angle other than perpendicular         to the lengthwise direction of the panel.

At one of the ends of the deck component (this may be the first end or the second end), the support member engaging portions of the two hook members may be horizontally offset (i.e. horizontally inwards or horizontally outwards or horizontally to one side) relative to the mounting portions, and at the other end of the deck component, the support member engaging portions of the two hook members may be not horizontally offset relative to the mounting portions. This may allow one of the panels to be mounted end-to-end with another of the panels, with the first end of one panel being supported on the same support member as the second end of the other panel, without the hook members on the first end of the first panel colliding with the hook members of the second panel.

The deck component of the panel may include an access opening. If/when it does so, in the deck component:

-   -   the surface portion may extend:         -   in a width direction of the panel, between the opposed sides             at the first end, and         -   in a length direction of the panel, from the first end             towards the second end before reaching an edge of the access             opening which is closest to the first end; and     -   the access opening may extend:         -   in the width direction of the panel, between the opposed             sides, and         -   in the length direction of the panel, towards the second end             from the edge of the access opening which is closest to the             first end and for at least part of the way, but not             necessarily all of the way, to the second end (i.e. in the             panel's length direction, the access opening may extend from             the edge of the access opening closest to the first end (the             edge where the surface portion terminates at the access             opening) all the way to the second end, or only part of the             way to the second end).

The panel may also have a hatch door which can be closed to cover the access opening and opened to allow access through the access opening. When the hatch door is closed it may cover the access opening and operate effectively as part of, or an extension of, the deck component's surface portion. The hatch door may be hingedly connected to (or near) one of the sides of the deck component and pivot about the hinged connection when it is moved from open to closed and closed to open. Preferably, it may be possible for the side of the deck component to (or near) which the hatch door is hingedly connected to be swapped (i.e. so that if the hatch door is initially hingedly connected to (or near) one side of the deck component, this can be swapped so that the hatch door becomes hingedly connected to (or near) the other side of the deck component if needed).

The panel may have at least one cross bracing member. One end of the (or each) cross bracing member may be attached to (or near) an inside surface of the side portion on one side of the deck component, and the other end of the (or each) cross member may be attached to (or near) the inside surface of the side portion on the other side of the deck component.

In embodiments where the deck component includes an access opening, the deck component may also include a ladder top receiving opening. Where this is the case, in the deck component:

-   -   the surface portion may extend:         -   in a width direction of the panel, between the opposed sides             at the first end, and         -   in a length direction of the panel, from the first end             towards the second end before reaching an edge of the access             which is opening closest to the first end;     -   the access opening may extend:         -   in the width direction of the panel, between the opposed             sides, and         -   in the length direction of the panel, from the edge of the             access opening which is closest to the first end towards the             second end before reaching an edge of the ladder top             receiving opening which is closest to the first end; and     -   the ladder top receiving opening may extend:         -   in the width direction of the panel, between the opposed             sides, and         -   in the length direction of the panel, towards the second end             from the edge of the ladder top receiving opening which is             closest to the first end and for at least part of the way,             but not necessarily all of the way, to the second end.

There may be a cross bracing member between the access opening and the ladder top receiving opening. And in fact, it may be that a cross bracing member is all that separates the access opening from the ladder top receiving opening, so this cross bracing member may define the edges of the access opening and the ladder top receiving opening, where the two meet.

As mentioned above, the deck component of the panel may include an access opening. If/when it does so, in the deck component

-   -   the surface portion may extend:         -   in a width direction of the panel, between the opposed sides             at the first end, and         -   in a length direction of the panel, from the first end             towards the second end before reaching an edge of the access             opening closest to the first end; and         -   in the width direction of the panel, between the opposed             sides at the second end, and         -   in the length direction of the panel, from the second end             back towards the first end before reaching an edge of the             access opening closest to the second end; and     -   the access opening may extend:         -   in the width direction of the panel, between the opposed             sides, and         -   in the length direction of the panel, between the edge of             the access opening closest to the first end and the edge of             the access opening closest to the second end.

The panel may further include means for securing a ladder relative to the panel. The means for securing a ladder relative to the panel may be operable to secure the ladder against sideways movement relative to the panel (i.e. movement of the ladder relative to the panel in the panel's width direction). The means for securing a ladder relative to the panel may alternatively or also be operable to secure the ladder against movement relative to the panel in a length direction of the panel. The means for securing a ladder relative to the panel may alternatively or also be operable to secure the ladder against sliding vertically/down relative to the panel and out of engagement with the panel.

The means for securing a ladder relative to the panel may include a pair of slots or openings which extend from the access opening into the surface portion (towards one or other end), each of the slots being spaced from the other in the panel's width direction by a distance suitable to receive siderails of a ladder.

The means for securing a ladder relative to the panel may further include a securing member, the securing member being operable to be disengaged relative to the surface portion (or relative to a component attached to the surface portion) to allow installation of the ladder with the siderails of the ladder being received in the slots, and the securing member also being operable to be engaged relative to the surface portion (or relative to a component attached to the surface portion) to secure the siderails of the ladder in the slots.

The surface portion of the deck component may have a part which extends in between the slots, and when a ladder is secured relative to the panel with the siderails of the ladder secured in the slots, the ladder may be prevented from sliding vertically out of engagement with the panel provided at least one rung of the ladder is installed above the surface portion (because if the ladder were to slide vertically relative to the panel, the rung of the ladder would collide with the part of the surface portion which extends between the slots).

In a second form, although (again) not necessarily the only or broadest form, the invention resides in a panel suitable for installation to form a platform or part of a platform in a void of a building structure, the panel having:

-   -   a deck component with a substantially planar surface portion;     -   an access opening in the surface portion,     -   (optionally) a cover for covering/closing and uncovering/opening         the access opening in the surface portion; and     -   means for securing a ladder relative to the panel.

As mentioned above, the means for securing a ladder relative to the panel may be operable to secure the ladder against sideways movement relative to the panel (i.e. movement of the ladder relative to the panel in the panel's width direction). The means for securing a ladder relative to the panel may alternatively or also be operable to secure the ladder against movement relative to the panel in the panel's length direction. And, the means for securing a ladder relative to the panel may alternatively or also be operable to secure the ladder against sliding vertically/down relative to the panel and out of engagement with the panel.

As also mentioned above, the means for securing a ladder relative to the panel may include a pair of slots or openings which extend from the access opening into the surface portion, each of the slots being spaced from the other in a sideways (width) direction of the panel by a distance suitable to receive siderails of a ladder. The means for securing a ladder relative to the panel may further include a securing member, the securing member being operable to be disengaged relative to the surface portion (or relative to a component attached to the surface portion) to allow installation of a ladder with the siderails of the ladder being received in the slots, and the securing member also being operable to be engaged relative to the surface portion (or relative to a component attached to the surface portion) to secure the siderails of the ladder in the slots. And, the surface portion of the deck component may have a part which extends in between the slots, and when a ladder is secured relative to the panel with the siderails of the ladder secured in the slots, the ladder is prevented from sliding vertically out of engagement with the panel provided at least one rung of the ladder is installed above the surface portion (because if the ladder were to slide vertically relative to the panel, the rung of the ladder would collide with the part of the surface portion which extends between the slots).

In a third form, although (again) not necessarily the only or broadest form, the invention resides in a platform installed in a void of a building structure, the platform including a first support member and a second support member both of which extend across at least a portion of the void, and a panel, which is in accordance with the first form of the invention described above, extending between (and spanning the space between) the first support member and the second support member.

In a fourth form, although (again) not necessarily the only or broadest form, the invention resides in a platform installed in a void of a building structure, the platform including:

-   -   a first support member and a second support member both of which         extend across at least a portion of the void,     -   a first panel, being a panel which is in accordance with the         first form of the invention described above, extending between         (and spanning the space between) the first support member and         the second support member, and     -   a second panel, also being a panel which is in accordance with         the first form of the invention described above, extending         between (and spanning the space between) the first support         member and the second support member adjacent or beside the         first panel (i.e. such that the second panel extends between the         first support member and the second support member beside, or         horizontally to one side of, the first panel).

In some embodiments of the fourth form of the invention, the first panel may have a deck component the surface portion of which includes holes or other openings (as described above), and the second panel may also have a deck component the surface portion of which includes holes or other openings (as described above), and there may be a space between the two panels, wherein the space between the two panels is spanned by a link panel which also has holes or other openings in a surface portion thereof, and the link panel is secured relative to the first panel by inserting a plug into each of one or more of the holes in the link panel and through into one or more aligned holes in the first panel, and the link panel is secured relative to the second panel by inserting a plug into each of one or more of the holes in the link panel and through into one or more aligned holes in the second panel.

Any of the features described herein can be combined in any combination with any one or more of the other features described herein within the scope of the invention.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

Preferred features, embodiments and variations of the invention may be discerned from the following Detailed Description section which provides sufficient information for those skilled in the art to perform the invention. The Detailed Description section is not to be regarded as limiting the scope of the preceding Summary of Invention section in any way. The Detailed Description section, and the Background section above, make reference to a number of Figures as follows:

FIG. 1 is an illustration, which is identical to the illustration that forms FIG. 4 of the above-mentioned 444 application, and it shows, from above, two support struts mounted in position extending across a void in a building.

FIG. 2 is an illustration, which is identical to the illustration that forms FIG. 6 in the 444 application, and it shows the support struts in FIG. 1 with two panels mounted thereon and extending across the void to form a void platform (or part of a void platform).

FIG. 3 is another illustration showing, from above, a void in a building which is spanned in one direction by support struts, and also shown are a number of panels which are supported by and extend between the support struts (perpendicular to the support struts) to form a void platform (or part of a void platform).

FIG. 4 shows the void, support struts and panels of FIG. 3, but from underneath.

FIG. 5 is an illustration of the underside of one of the kinds of panels used to form the void platform in FIGS. 3 and 4.

FIG. 6 is an illustration of the upper surface of a panel which is similar to the one in FIG. 5 except that the panel in FIG. 6 is shorter than the panel in FIG. 5 and it incorporates a hatch door (the panel in FIG. 5 does not incorporate a hatch door). The panel in FIG. 6 is therefore an access panel whereas the panel in FIG. 5 is a decking panel.

FIG. 7 is a schematic end-on cross-sectional illustration of a panel of the general kind shown in FIGS. 2-6.

FIG. 8 is a schematic illustration of the way the shape of a panel like the ones shown in FIGS. 2-6 can be deformed in the (not uncommon) event of the panel being subjected to extreme impact loading at or near a corner, such as e.g. by dropping the panel onto one corner (or onto the hook extending from near one corner of the panel).

FIG. 9 is an upper perspective view from one end of a decking panel in accordance with one possible embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 10 is an upper perspective view of the panel in FIG. 9 but from the other end (i.e. the end of the panel which appears closest in FIG. 10 is the opposite end of the panel to the end that appears closest in FIG. 9).

FIG. 11 is a perspective view of the underside of the panel in FIG. 9.

FIG. 12 is another perspective view of the underside of the panel in FIG. 9.

FIG. 13 is a plan view of the panel in FIG. 9 from above.

FIG. 14 is a plan view of the panel in FIG. 9 from underneath.

FIG. 15 is a side view of the panel in FIG. 9.

FIG. 16 is a view of one end of the panel in FIG. 9.

FIG. 17 is a view of the other end of the panel in FIG. 9 (i.e. the end of the panel which appears closest in FIG. 17 is the opposite end of the panel to the end that appears closest in FIG. 16).

FIG. 18 is an exploded perspective view of the panel in FIG. 9 from above.

FIG. 19 is an exploded perspective view of the panel in FIG. 9 from underneath.

FIG. 20 is an exploded perspective view of the panel in FIG. 9 from slightly off to the side of one end.

FIG. 21 is an upper perspective view of a decking panel in accordance with another possible embodiment of the invention. The decking panel in this embodiment is very similar to the decking panel in the embodiment in FIGS. 9-20 except that its shape is longer and narrower.

FIG. 22 is an exploded perspective view of the panel in FIG. 21 from above.

FIG. 23 is a side view of the panel in FIG. 21.

FIG. 24 is a plan view of the panel in FIG. 21 from underneath.

FIG. 24A is a close-up view of Detail A in FIG. 24.

FIG. 25 is an end view of the panel in FIG. 21.

FIG. 26 is an upper perspective view from one end of an access panel in accordance with another possible embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 27 is an upper perspective view of the panel in FIG. 26 but from the other end (i.e. the end of the panel which appears closest in FIG. 27 is the opposite end of the panel to the end that appears closest in FIG. 26).

FIG. 28 is a perspective view of the underside of the panel in FIG. 26.

FIG. 29 is another perspective view of the underside of the panel in FIG. 26.

FIG. 30 is a plan view of the panel in FIG. 26 from above.

FIG. 31 is a plan view of the panel in FIG. 26 from underneath.

FIG. 32 is a side view of the panel in FIG. 26.

FIG. 33 is a view of one end of the panel in FIG. 26.

FIG. 34 is a view of the other end of the panel in FIG. 26 (i.e. the end of the panel which appears closest in FIG. 34 is the opposite end of the panel to the end that appears closest in FIG. 33).

FIG. 35 is an exploded perspective view of the panel in FIG. 26 from above.

FIG. 36 is a further (and even more) exploded perspective view of the panel in FIG. 26 from above.

FIG. 37 is an exploded perspective view of the panel in FIG. 26 from below. In FIG. 37, the parts of the panel are shown exploded relative to one another in the same way, and to the same extent, as in FIG. 36.

FIG. 37A is an upper perspective view of the panel in FIG. 26 but with the hatch door shown pivoted open (this is how the hatch door would normally open in use, by pivoting about a hinged connection to one side of the deck component).

FIG. 38 is an upper perspective view from one end of yet another panel, again an access panel, in accordance with another possible embodiment of the invention. The access panel in this embodiment is very similar to the access panel in the embodiment in FIGS. 26-37 except that it is longer.

FIG. 39 is a plan view of the panel in FIG. 38 from above.

FIG. 40 is a side-on cross-sectional view of the panel in FIG. 38 taken in the plane 40-40 shown in FIG. 39.

FIG. 40D1 contains several close-up detail images showing, respectively, Details D, E, F, G, H and I in FIG. 40.

FIG. 41 is a plan view of the panel in FIG. 38 from underneath.

FIG. 42 is an exploded perspective view the panel in FIG. 38 from above.

FIG. 43 is a plan view of a variant of the hatch door used in the embodiments relating to access panels.

FIG. 44 is a side view of the hatch door in FIG. 43.

FIG. 45 is a perspective view of the hatch door in FIG. 43 from above.

FIG. 46 is a perspective view of a plug which may be used, for example, to secure a link panel between a pair of adjacent panels, e.g. between a pair of adjacent decking panels.

FIG. 47 is a side view of the plug in FIG. 46.

FIG. 48 is also a side view of the plug in FIG. 46, but from a side which is approximately 90° further around the plug compared to the side view in FIG. 47.

FIG. 49 is a top view of the plug (i.e. from the cap end of the plug).

FIG. 50 is a side-on cross-sectional view of the plug in the plane indicated A-A in FIG. 49.

FIG. 51 is an upper perspective view from one end of an access panel in accordance with yet another possible embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 52 is an upper perspective view of the panel in FIG. 51 but from the other end (i.e. the end of the panel which appears closest in FIG. 52 is the opposite end of the panel to the end that appears closest in FIG. 51).

FIG. 53 is a perspective view of the underside of the panel in FIG. 51.

FIG. 54 is another perspective view of the underside of the panel in FIG. 51.

FIG. 55 is a plan view of the panel in FIG. 51 from above.

FIG. 56 is a plan view of the panel in FIG. 51 from underneath.

FIG. 57 is a side view of the panel in FIG. 51.

FIG. 58 is a view of one end of the panel in FIG. 51.

FIG. 59 is a view of the other end of the panel in FIG. 51 (i.e. the end of the panel which appears closest in FIG. 59 is the opposite end of the panel to the end that appears closest in FIG. 58).

FIG. 60 is an exploded perspective view of the panel in FIG. 51 from above.

FIG. 61 is a further (and even more) exploded perspective view of the panel in FIG. 51 from above.

FIG. 62 is an exploded perspective view of the panel in FIG. 51 from below. In FIG. 62, the parts of the panel are shown exploded relative to one another in the same way, and to the same extent, as in FIG. 61.

FIG. 63 is an upper perspective view of the panel in FIG. 51 but with the hatch door shown pivoted open (this is how the hatch door would normally open in use, by pivoting about a hinged connection to one side of the deck component).

FIG. 64 is a close-up perspective view of the panel in FIG. 51, and with the hatch door shown pivoted open as in FIG. 63, and with the ladder clamp used in this embodiment shown in the configuration which would enable installation or removal of a ladder relative to the panel.

FIG. 65 is similar to Forget 64 in that it is a close-up perspective view of the panel in FIG. 51, with the hatch door open as in FIG. 63, but unlike FIG. 64, FIG. 65 shows the ladder clamp in the configuration in which it would secure a ladder in position relative to the panel.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Referring first to FIGS. 9-20, these figures contain various views of a panel 100 in accordance with one possible embodiment of the invention. The panel 100 in the embodiment in FIGS. 9-20 is a kind of panel that may be described as a decking panel. The panel 100 may be described as a decking panel because its purpose is to provide an area of decking, i.e. a surface on which building workers can work and walk, etc, when the panel is installed forming an elevated platform (or part of such a platform) in a void in a building. Decking panels should, however, be distinguished from another kind of panel that may be described as access panels. Access panels may also provide an area of decking (i.e. they may also provide a surface on which building workers can walk and work, etc, when the panel is installed forming an elevated platform or part of a platform); however access panels differ from decking panels in that access panels also incorporate an access opening. The access opening allows a building worker to gain access to the elevated platform through the area of decking (i.e. so that the building worker can climb up through the through the surface of the elevated platform, through the access opening, to gain access to the platform, or climb down through the access opening to leave the platform and return to the floor or level below). Access panels generally have a hatch door (or other cover) to open and close the access opening. Decking panels do not incorporate an access opening. As mentioned above, the panel 100 in FIGS. 9-20 is a decking panel. However, the present invention can also be embodied in the form of an access panel, and a number of such embodiments are described further below and shown in later figures.

Referring to the decking panel 100 in FIGS. 9-20, this is suitable for installation to form a platform or part of a platform in a void of a building structure. Whilst not shown in FIGS. 9-20, it will be appreciated that the decking panel 100 is operable to extend between (and span the space between) a first support member (e.g. like one of the support struts 20 in FIG. 1) and a second support member (e.g. like the other of the support struts 20 in FIG. 1) where both of the support members extend across at least a portion of the void.

The various parts that make up the decking panel 100 in the embodiment in FIGS. 9-20 are perhaps best shown in the exploded view in FIGS. 18 and 19. As can be seen from these figures, and from FIGS. 9-20 generally, the decking panel 100 includes a deck component 110. The deck component has opposed ends, one of which will be referred to as the first end 112 f and the other of which will be referred to as the second end 112 s. Note that, in relation to this embodiment (and other similar decking panel embodiments), the reference to one of the ends as the first end and to the other end as the second end is simply to distinguish between two, and to allow one end or the other to be easily referred to herein. The particular end which has been chosen to be referred to as the first end is therefore arbitrary, and the other end could equally have been chosen to be the first end. Similarly, in the embodiment shown, the straight hook components 150 (discussed below) are connected to the first end 112 f and the offset hook components 160 (discussed below) are connected to the second end 112 s. However, the straight hook components 150 could instead be connected to the second end 112 s and the offset hook components 160 could instead be connected to the first end 112 f.

In addition to having the opposed first and second ends 112 f and 112 s, the deck component 110 also has a pair of opposed, substantially straight sides 114. The sides 114 both extend from the first end 112 f to the second end 112 s. The deck component 110 further includes a substantially planar surface portion 116. The surface portion 116 (or the upper surface thereof which is upwardly-facing when the panel 100 is installed and in use) is what forms the working surface of the panel 100, and hence this is what forms the working surface (or deck area) of the platform or part of the platform formed by the panel in this embodiment. The surface portion 116 in this embodiment extends between the opposed sides 114 in the panel's width direction, and it extends from the first end 112 f all the way to the second end 112 s in the panel's length direction.

The decking panel 100 also includes first engaging formations, which in this embodiment take the form of a pair of straight hook components 150. (Note that, in other embodiments, the first engaging formations could take a wide range of other forms or configurations.) The straight hook components 150 are operable to engage with a first support member (e.g. like one of the support struts 20 in FIG. 1) to support the deck component 110 relative to that first support member. The decking panel 100 also includes second engaging formations, which in this embodiment take the form of a pair of offset hook components 160. (Note that, in other embodiments, the second engaging formations could also take a wide range of other forms or configurations.) The offset hook components 160 are operable to engage with a second support member (e.g. like the other of the support struts 20 in FIG. 1) to support the deck component 110 relative to that second support member.

Each hook component, i.e. each of the straight hook components 150 and also each of the offset hook components 160, has a mounting portion and a support member engaging portion. On all of the hook components (i.e. on both of the straight hook components 150 and also on both of the offset hook components 160), the mounting portion is a flat plate-like portion located towards the rear/inward of the hook component, and the shape of the mounting portion allows it to be mounted to the inside of one of the side portions 117 of the deck component (but with the support member engaging portion still projecting out from the relevant end of the deck component). The mounting portion of each straight hook component is designated 152, and the mounting portion of each offset hook component 160 is designated 162.

Also, on all of the hook components 150 and 160, the support member engaging portion is a portion which protrudes forward/outward from the flat, plate-like mounting portion 152,162. The support member engaging portion of each straight hook member 150 is labelled 154, and the support member engaging portion of each offset hook component 160 is labelled 164. The support member engaging portions 154, 164 all have a downwardly-facing, curved (substantially semicircular) cut-out or indentation 153, 163 configured to slot over (or to receive) the round outer shape of a support member like those shown in FIG. 1. Note, however, that if the support member(s) with which the hook components on one or both ends of the panel are required to engage has/have some outer shape other than round, the shape of the downward-facing cut-out or indentation 153 and/or 163 in the support member engaging portion of the relevant hook components may also have an equivalent shape configured to slot over (or to receive) that alternative outer shape of the support member.

The offset hook members 160 have a slightly different configuration to the straight hook members 150. The difference is that, whereas the support member engaging portions 154 of the straight hook members 150 lie in the same plane as the mounting portion 152 (i.e. such that the support member engaging portions 154 on the straight hook components 150 are really just an extension of the mounting portions 152), in contrast to this, on each offset hook component 160, the support member engaging portion 164 is horizontally offset relative to the mounting portion 162, and the support member engaging portion 164 is connected to the mounting portion 162 via an intermediate diagonal segment 161. In other words, on the offset hook components 160, the support member engaging portions 164 are in a plane which is slightly horizontally offset from the plane of the mounting portions 162. In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 9-20 (and in fact in all embodiments described herein), the two offset hook components 160 are arranged and mounted to the deck component 110 so that their support member engaging portions 164 are offset horizontally inwards relative to their mounting portions 162. It would also be possible, however, to mount the offset hook components 160 to the deck component 110 in such a way that the support member engaging portions 164 would be offset horizontally outwardly relative to the mounting portions 162. However, a disadvantage of that might be that it may cause the support member engaging portions 164 to become located even further horizontally outward than the sides 114 of the deck component (and further outward than the outer faces of the side portions 117—see below). That may, in turn, be undesirable as it may result in an unavoidable (if still small) gap being created between adjacent panels 100 which are installed side-by-side one another to create (or as part of) a void platform. By connecting the offset hook components 160 to the deck component 110 such that the support member engaging portions 164 are offset horizontally inward, the support member engaging portions 164 do not prevent panels from being installed side-by-side one another and pressed together such that the side portion 117 of one of the panels contacts or presses against the adjoining side portion 117 of the adjacent panel (i.e. such that there is substantially no undesirable space left between the panels).

It is important to note that, unlike the hooks used on the prior art panels discussed in the Background section above, which are made from cast aluminium and therefore often cannot be bent back into shape (in the event of an impact or the like that bends the hook) and which therefore often need to be completely replaced if damaged, the hook components 150, 160 just described are made from a tougher and more robust material, such as e.g. steel, meaning that (in the event of an impact or the like or the like that bends the hook) it is sometimes possible (depending on how badly bent it is) to simply bend the hook back into shape without needing to completely replace it. It is envisaged that the hook components 150, 160 may often be made from nickel coated mild steel.

As alluded to above, the deck component 110 of the panel also has a planar side portion 117 on both sides. The side portions 117 both extend (or depend) vertically downward from the respective sides 114 of the deck component 110 (in this embodiment the sides 114 of the deck component are effectively equivalent to the sides of the surface portion 116), both of the side portions 117 extend for the full length of the deck component 110 (i.e. from the first end 112 f to the second end 112 s) and both of the side portions 117 are oriented perpendicular to the plane of the surface portion 116.

In the embodiment in FIGS. 9-20 (and in fact in all of the embodiments shown in the figures of this specification) the entire deck component 110 (i.e. including the surface portion 116 and the two side portions 117) is formed as a single piece, unitary component. More specifically, the entire deck component 110 is formed by roll forming and/or folding a single piece (or a single section or a single length) of aluminium alloy sheet into the shape of the deck component 110 shown. (Note that the holes that are formed in and extend across the majority of the area of the surface portion 116 (this is discussed further below) are formed as a separate step or operation from the roll forming and/or folding operation that gives the deck component 110 its overall shape. Typically the formation of the holes will be performed before the roll forming and/or folding operation; however it could also be done after. The thickness of the aluminium alloy sheet from which the deck component 110 is made may be varied according to the different strength and/or rigidity requirements that may exist in different applications. However, in the embodiment shown, the aluminium sheet has a thickness of 3 mm, and this is sufficient to provide the required strength and rigidity. Note also that, whilst the material used to form the deck component 110 in this embodiment is aluminium alloy sheet, sheet of other kinds of metal (e.g. different grades of steel or the like) may also be used.

It was mentioned above that the deck component is formed such that the planar side portions 117 on either side of the surface portion 116 extend down from the sides 114 perpendicular to the plane of the surface portion 116. This configuration, together with the material properties and the thickness of the material (aluminium alloy) from which it is made, help to give the deck component 110 strength and rigidity.

Also, as perhaps best shown in FIG. 20, the lower long side edge of each of the side portions 117 is “folded under” inwards so as to form a small, upwardly-opening channel 118 extending along on the inside at the bottom of each of the side portions 117. This channel 118 on the bottom of each of the side portions 117 serves a number of purposes. Firstly, it contributes or adds to the overall strength and rigidity of the deck component 110. Also, the width between the inside parallel vertical surfaces of each channel 118 is approximately the same as (or slightly greater than) the thickness of the mounting portions 152, 162 of the respective hook components 150, 160. The distance between the inside base of each channel 118 and the underside of the surface portion 116 is also approximately the same (or slightly greater than) the height of the mounting portions 152, 162 of the respective hook components 150, 160. Accordingly, when the hook components 150, 160 are being mounted to the deck component 110 on the insides of the side portions 117 (at their respective ends), the mounting portions 152, 162 are slid into the channels 118 at either end and the close fit of the mounting portions 152, 162 within the ends of the channels 118 and between the bases of the channels 118 and the underside of the surface portion 116, helps to hold the mounting portions 152, 162 in place until fasteners (rivets, nuts and bolts, or the like) can be inserted through the apertures 115 at either end in each of the side portions 117, and also through the apertures 155, 165 in the respective mounting portions 152, 162 which become aligned with the apertures 115 when the mounting portions are slid into the channels, to thereby finally secure the mounting portions to the deck component 110.

It should be noted that the channels 118 on the bottoms of the respective side portions 117 do not extend all the way between the first end 112 f and the second end 112 s. Rather, the channel 118 on either side of the deck component extends all the way to the first end 112 f (as can be seen in FIG. 20). However, the channels 118 on either side terminate slightly before reaching the second end 112 s (this can be seen in FIG. 19). The reason why the respective channels 118 terminate slightly before reaching the second end 112 s is because (in this embodiment) this is required in order to allow the diagonal portions 161 and the support member engaging portions 164 of the respective offset hook components 160 to extend inwardly (which they must do to be offset inwards). Also note though that, if the offset hook components 160 where instead connected to the first end 112 f, then the channels 118 would need to terminate slightly before the first end 112 f instead, but in that case, the channels 118 could extend all the way to the second end 112 s.

Importantly, when the mounting portions 152, 162 of the respective hook components 150, 160 are attached to the inside surfaces of the side portions 117 at their respective ends, as described in the previous paragraph above, the result of this is that these hook components 150, 160 (which are the panel's first and second engaging formations in this embodiment) consequently engage with the deck component 110, and when the panel is installed, the hook components also engage with the relevant supporting members (support struts) from almost (or as close as possible to) directly beneath, and almost (or as close as possible to) within the same vertical plane as, each of the very outside straight sides 114 of the deck component. Because the hook components 150, 160 (the first and second engaging formations) support the deck component 110 at either end relative to their associated support member (struts) from approximately directly vertically beneath each of the straight sides 114 of the deck component, consequently even if a significant vertical impact or load is imposed on one of the very outside edges or sides of the panel 100, the line of action of such force would effectively extend through (or at least very close to) the location (in the horizontal/width direction of the panel) where the hook components 150, 160 support the deck component. Therefore, there would be no (or substantially no) space or distance in the horizontal/width direction of the panel between the location where the force is applied (on the very outer side 114) and the location where the support member(s) support the deck component 110. Consequently, it may be that no (or substantially no) lever arm is created that would cause the panel to tip or tilt.

It is also important to note that the decking panel 100 in this embodiment may be much more resistant to the kind of canting deformation (caused by impact loading on or near one corner of the panel, as described above with reference to FIG. 8) than the previously used panels described above, because the deck component 110 in the present decking panel 100 is made as a single piece, unitary part. Specifically, in the present embodiment the deck component 110 is made from a single sheet of aluminium. As a result of this, even if the decking panel 100 receives an end-on blow on one corner due to being dropped on one corner (or the like), and even if this is sufficient to damage the hook component 150/160 on that corner, nevertheless all that should be required is removal of the damaged hook component and replacement thereof. This should not cause the kind of canting deformation of the rest of the panel, as was the case for the previously used panels described above, because, unlike the previously used panels which had a frame-like substructure supporting the surface component(s) SC, in the panel 100 in the present embodiment, the component 110 is made from a single sheet of material and is therefore inherently much more resistant to this kind of canting deformation.

Furthermore, despite the advantages in terms of the robustness just described, panels made in accordance with embodiments of the present invention like the embodiment shown in FIGS. 9-20 may also be lighter than an equivalently dimensioned panel formed in the manner of the previously used panels described above.

As mentioned above, in the decking panel 100 in FIGS. 9-20, there are holes that are formed in/through, and which extend across, the majority of the area of the surface portion 116. More specifically, in this particular embodiment (and also in other embodiments shown in other figures below), there are two sets of holes, namely a set of larger holes and a set of smaller holes. Both sets of holes (i.e. both the larger holes and the smaller holes) are evenly distributed across the surface portion 116. More specifically, both sets of holes are arranged in a pattern of straight rows extending across the width dimension and straight columns extending along the length dimension (i.e. in a grid pattern). The smaller holes are offset from the larger holes (i.e. the grid pattern of small holes is offset from the grid pattern of larger holes), and the (grid of) smaller holes is interspersed between and amongst the (grid of) larger holes.

The holes in the surface portion 116 serve a number of purposes. For one thing, they help to reduce the amount of material in the deck component 110, thereby reducing the weight of the deck component (and reducing the weight of the panel 100 overall). The holes may also contribute to the rigidity of the deck component, or at least the inclusion of the holes (and their size and relative arrangement) may be such that they do not significantly affect or reduce the strength and rigidity of the deck component 110. The holes also help to provide gip. The fact that the holes in this embodiment are all round/circular means that the respective holes all have portions of their edges facing in all horizontal directions, and this in turn means that across the surface portion 116 there are portions of the respective hole edges oriented in all horizontal directions. Accordingly, the shape of the holes (round/circular in this embodiment) may help to provide grip in all horizontal directions. It should be noted, however, that holes of other shapes and sizes could also be used. The holes in the embodiment in FIGS. 9-20 are laser cut. However, the holes may also be formed in other ways, such as by drilling or punching or the like, and in fact explanation will be given below for a situation in which some (at least) of the holes are punched.

The panel 100 in the embodiment in FIGS. 9-20 also includes a number of cross bracing members 130. As shown in Figures in 11, 12 and 14, there happen to be three cross bracing members 130 in this embodiment. All three extend across the space between the side portions 117 beneath the surface portion 116, and all three are attached by rivets (or other mechanical fasteners such as nuts, bolts, screws or the like) which are inserted through the surface portion and through the upper flange of the cross bracing member 130 to secure cross bracing member 130 in place on the underside of the deck component 110. In this embodiment there is one cross bracing member 130 at either end of the panel, i.e. there is one cross spacing member 130 at the first end 112 f and another cross bracing member 130 at the second end 112 s—this will generally (if not always) be the case for decking panels regardless of the length and width of the decking panel. For decking panels, whether or not there are any further or additional cross bracing members as well (i.e. any spanning the space between the side portions 117 at some location(s) along the length of the panel between the ends) will depend on the length and width of the panel and the amount of additional cross bracing required. In the embodiment in FIGS. 9-20, the length and width of the panel is such that a single additional (i.e. a third) cross bracing member 130, which extends across between the sides 117 half way between the ends of the panel, is sufficient. However, in other embodiments, a greater number of cross bracing members may be required along the length of the panel (generally if the panel is longer), or fewer (or even no) additional cross bracing members (i.e. other than those at the two end) may be required if the panel is sufficiently strong and rigid without them.

From the foregoing, it will be appreciated that decking panels which are generally similar to the decking panel in the embodiment in FIGS. 9-20 can be made but where the length and width varies. For example, the decking panel in the embodiment shown in FIGS. 21-25 is essentially the same as the decking panel in the embodiment shown in FIGS. 9-20. The main difference is that the decking panel in the embodiment shown in FIGS. 21-25 is longer and thinner (i.e. the deck component 210 is much longer in its horizontal length dimension and much narrower in its horizontal width dimension) than in FIGS. 9-20. There are also a few other small differences that flow as a result of this different shape of the deck component. For example, the number of the smaller and larger holes in the grid arrangements (i.e. in each row and column) of holes is consequently different (the size of the individual large and small holes are the same, however). Also, the width of the cross bracing members 230 is much shorter in the embodiment in FIGS. 21-25 (because the distance between the sides 217 is much smaller), but because the deck component 210 is much longer, a greater number of cross bracing members 230 is provided (i.e. there are four cross bracing members rather than three—one at each end and two in between rather than one at each end and one in between). Aside from this, the decking panels in the embodiments in FIGS. 9-20 and 21-25 are made and operate the generally the same way.

The size (particularly the horizontal length and width) of the decking panel may therefore be varied to suit. As an indication, it is contemplated that decking panels of the above general kind may be produced in sizes combining one of the lengths listed below with one of the widths listed below:

Length (mm) Width (mm) 600 250 900 300 1200 600 1500 1800 2400

However, it will of course be appreciated that decking panels having a length or width not necessarily corresponding to any of the specific lengths and widths listed above may also be made.

Turning now to FIGS. 26-37A, these figures contain various views of a panel 300 in accordance with one possible embodiment of the invention. The panel 300 in the embodiment in FIGS. 26-37A is an access panel. The distinction between decking panels and access panels is explained above.

The access panel 300 is suitable for installation to form a platform or part of a platform in a void of a building structure. Whilst not shown in FIGS. 26-37A, it will be appreciated that the panel 300 is operable to extend between (and span the space between) a first support member (e.g. like one of the support struts 20 in FIG. 1) and a second support member (e.g. like the other of the support struts 20 in FIG. 1) where both of the support members extend across at least a portion of the void.

The various parts that make up the panel 300 in the embodiment in FIGS. 26-37A are perhaps best shown in the exploded view in FIGS. 35-37. As can be seen from these figures, and from FIGS. 26-37A generally, the access panel 300 includes a deck component 310. The deck component has opposed ends, one of which will be referred to as the first end 312 f and the other of which will be referred to as the second end 312 s.

In addition to having the opposed first and second ends 312 f and 312 s, the deck component 310 also has a pair of opposed, substantially straight sides 314. The sides 314 both extend from the first end 312 f to the second end 312 s. The deck component 310 further includes a substantially planar surface portion 316. The surface portion 316 (or the upper surface thereof which is upwardly-facing when the panel 300 is installed and in use) forms part of the working surface of the panel 300, and hence part of the working surface of the platform or part of the platform formed by the panel in this embodiment. At the first end 312 f, the surface portion 316 in this embodiment extends between the opposed sides 314 in the panel's width direction, and in the panel's length direction the surface portion 316 extends from the first end 312 f towards the second end 312 s until it reaches (and terminates at) an access opening 319. Specifically, in the panel's length direction the surface portion 316 extends from the first end 312 f towards the second end 312 s until it reaches (and terminates at) the (transverse) edge of the access opening 319 which is closest to the first end and which extends between the sides of the deck component 310. There is also a hatch door 320 which can be closed to cover, and opened to uncover, the access opening 319. This will be discussed further below. The panel's ladder top receiving opening 319 a, which is located directly adjacent the access opening 319 (in fact the ladder top receiving opening 319 a is only separated from the access opening 319 by one of the cross bracing members 330), will also be discussed further below.

The panel 300 also includes first engaging formations, which in this embodiment take the form of a pair of offset hook components 360. (Note that, in other embodiments, the first engaging formations could take a wide range of other forms or configurations.) The offset hook components 360 are operable to engage with a first support member (e.g. like one of the support struts 20 in FIG. 1) to support the deck component 310 relative to that first support member. The panel 300 also includes second engaging formations, which in this embodiment take the form of a pair of straight hook components 350. (Note that, in other embodiments, the second engaging formations could also take a wide range of other forms or configurations.) The straight hook components 350 are operable to engage with a second support member (e.g. like the other of the support struts 20 in FIG. 1) to support the deck component 310 relative to that second support member. The offset hook components 360 (which are the first engaging formations in this embodiment), and the straight hook components 350 (which are the second engaging formations in this embodiment), are the same as the offset hook components 160 and straight hook components 150 described above. The way in which, and the location at which, these connect to the deck component 310 is also the same as above.

The deck component 310 of the panel also has a planar side portion 317 on both sides. The side portions 317 both extend (or depend) vertically downward from the respective sides 314 of the deck component 310. (Note that, in this embodiment, the sides 314 of the deck component 310 are not simply equivalent to the sides of the surface portion 316, because the surface portion 316 does not extend all the way from the first end 312 f to the second end 312 s but the sides 314 do). Both of the side portions 317 extend for the full length of the deck component 310 (i.e. from the first end 312 f to the second end 312 s) and both of the side portions 317 are oriented perpendicular to the plane of the surface portion 316.

The entire deck component 310 (i.e. including the surface portion 316 and the two side portions 317) is formed as a single piece, unitary component. More specifically, the entire deck component 310 is formed by roll forming and/or folding a single piece (or a single section or a single length) of aluminium alloy sheet. (Note that the holes that are formed in and extend across the majority of the area of the surface portion 316 are formed as a separate step or operation from the roll forming and/or folding operation that gives the deck component 310 its overall shape. Likewise, the step of removing material from the deck component 310 to create the space for the access opening 319 and the ladder top receiving opening 319 a (for example by laser cutting or other form of material removal technique) is also separate from the operation of roll forming and/or folding that gives the deck component 310 its overall shape.) The thickness of the aluminium alloy sheet from which the deck component is made may be varied according to the different strength and/or rigidity requirements that may exist in different applications. However, in the embodiment shown, the aluminium sheet has a thickness of 3 mm, and this is sufficient to provide the required strength and rigidity. Note also that, whilst the material used to form the deck component in this embodiment is aluminium alloy sheet, sheet of other kinds of metal (e.g. different grades of steel or the like) may also be used.

Also, as in the decking panel embodiments above, the lower long side edge of each of the side portions 317 is “folded under” inwards so as to form a small, upwardly-opening channel 318 extending along on the inside at the bottom of each of the side portions 317. These channels 318 serves the same purposes as described above.

Therefore, as in the decking panel embodiments above, when the mounting portions 352, 362 of the respective hook components 350, 360 are attached to the inside surfaces of the side portions 317 at their respective ends, the result of this is that these hook components 350, 360 (which are the panel's second and first engaging formations in this embodiment) consequently engage with the deck component 310 and also (when the panel 300 is in use) with the relevant supporting members (support struts) from almost (or as close as possible to) directly beneath, and almost (or as close as possible to) within the same vertical plane as, each of the very outside straight sides 314 of the deck component. Because the hook components 350, 360 (the second and first engaging formations) support the deck component 310 at either end relative to their associated support member (struts) from approximately directly vertically beneath each of the straight sides 314 of the deck component, consequently even if a significant vertical impact or load is imposed on one of very outside edges or sides of the panel 300, the line of action of such force would effectively extend through (or at least very close to) the location (in the horizontal/width direction of the panel) where the hook components 350, 360 support the deck component. Therefore, there would be no (or substantially no) space or distance in the horizontal/width direction of the panel between the location where the force is applied (on the very outer side 314) and the location where the support member(s) support the deck component 310. Consequently, it may be that no (or substantially no) lever arm is created that would cause the panel to tip or tilt.

As mentioned above, in the access panel 300, there are holes that are formed in/through, and which extend across, the majority of the area of the surface portion 316 and also the hatch door 320. More specifically, in both the surface portion 316 and the hatch door 320, there are two sets of holes, namely a set of larger holes and a set of smaller holes. Both sets of holes (i.e. both the larger holes and the smaller holes) are evenly distributed across the surface portion 316 and the hatch door 320. Both sets of holes are arranged in a pattern of straight rows extending across the width dimension and straight columns extending along the length dimension (i.e. in a grid pattern). The smaller holes are offset from the larger holes (i.e. the grid pattern of small holes is offset from the grid pattern of larger holes), and the (grid of) smaller holes is interspersed between and amongst the (grid of) larger holes. The holes in the surface portion 316 and the hatch door 320 serve the same purposes as described above.

The panel 300 also includes a number of cross bracing members 330. As shown in FIG. 35, there happen to be four cross bracing members 330 in this embodiment. All four extend across the space between the side portions 317 beneath the surface portion 316, and all four are attached by rivets (or other mechanical fasteners such as nuts, bolts, screws or the like) which are inserted through the surface portion and through the upper flange of the cross bracing member 330 to secure cross bracing member 330 in place on the underside of the deck component 310. In this embodiment, there is one cross bracing member 330 at or near either end of the panel, i.e. there is one cross spacing member 330 at the first end 312 f and another cross bracing member 330 which is near (if a bit back from and not right at) the second end 312 s. There are also two cross bracing members 330 associated with the access opening and hatch door. More specifically, as best shown in FIG. 35, there is a cross bracing member 330 which is attached directly below (or below and very close to) the edge where the surface portion 316 terminates at the access opening 319. There is also another cross bracing member 330 which extends across between the side portions 317 at a longitudinal location beneath where the opposed edge of the hatch door 320 is when the hatch door is closed to cover the access opening 319. The space between this cross bracing member 330, and the cross bracing member 330 closest to the second end 312 s (and the gap/opening above and between these two cross bracing members 330), forms the ladder top receiving opening 319 a. Further, there are a pair of longitudinal bracing members 380 which extend between the middle two cross bracing members 330. These longitudinal bracing members 380 are associated with the edges of the access opening 319 and hatch door 320. Together, the two middle cross bracing members 330 associated with the edges of the access opening 319 and hatch door 320, and the two longitudinal bracing members 380 that extend between them, provide additional rigidity to support the hatch door when it is in the closed position (flush with the surface portion 316, as shown in FIGS. 26-34) to cover the access opening 319. These two middle cross bracing members 330 associated with the edges of the access opening 319 and hatch door 320, and the two longitudinal bracing members 380 that extend between them, also provide additional rigidity for the decking component 310 when the hatch door is removed/opened.

Next, note that although the exploded views in FIGS. 35-37 appear to suggest that that the hatch door 320 is completely separable from the deck component 310 to open the access opening 319 (i.e. these figures appear to suggest that the hatch door 320 is removable in the manner of a manhole cover or the like), although this is possible, this is not usually the way in which the hatch door 320 cover will be opened to allow access to the access opening 319. Rather, the hatch door 320 cover will normally be opened in the manner depicted in FIG. 37A. As FIG. 37A shows, the hatch door 320 will normally be hingedly connected to one of the sides of the deck component 310 so that the hatch door can be opened and closed relative to the access opening 319 by pivoting about the hinge(s). It will be noted from several of the Figures that hatch door 320 has two pairs of holes 321 on one side. These holes are intended to allow a pair of hinges to be connected to that side of the hatch door 320. However, it will also be noted that there are four pairs of holes 311 on the deck component, or more accurately, two pairs of holes 311 on one side of the deck component 310 and two pairs of holes 311 on the other side of the deck component 310. By providing two pairs of holes on each side of the deck component 310, it will be appreciated that the hinges connected to hatch door 320 can be attached to either one side, or the other side, of the deck component 310. Accordingly, the hatch door 320 can be hingedly connected to one side of the deck component 310, or rotated 180° and hingedly connected to the other side of the deck component, depending on which way that hatch door 320 is required (or preferred) to swing open in a particular situation. It should also be noted that one or more holes 322 are provided on the opposite side of the hatch door 320 from the hinge connection holes 321. The hole(s) 322 are to facilitate the connection of a handle or the like which can be grasped to raise and lower the hatch door to open and close it.

For access panels, whether or not there are any further or additional cross bracing members 330 (i.e. any other than those mentioned above and shown in FIGS. 26-37A) will depend on the length and width of the panel and the amount of additional cross bracing required. In the embodiment in FIGS. 26-37A, the length and width of the panel is such that no further cross bracing members 330 (i.e. other than those mentioned above) are needed. However, in other embodiments, a greater number of cross bracing members may be required along the length of the panel (generally if the panel is longer).

From the foregoing, it will be appreciated that access panels which are generally similar to the access panel in the embodiment in FIGS. 26-37A can be made but where the length (and possibly also the width) varies. For example, the access panel in the embodiment shown in FIGS. 38-42 is essentially the same as the access panel in the embodiment shown in FIGS. 26-37A. The main difference is that the access panel in the embodiment shown in FIGS. 38-42 is longer (i.e. the deck component 410 is much longer in its horizontal length dimension) than in FIGS. 26-37A. There are also a few other small differences that flow as a result of this different length of the deck component. For example, the number of the smaller and larger holes in the grid arrangements (i.e. in each column) of holes is consequently different (the size of the individual large and small holes are the same, however). Also, because the deck component 410 is much longer, a greater number of cross bracing members 430 is provided (i.e. there are six cross bracing members rather than four). Aside from this, the access panels in the embodiments in FIGS. 26-37A and 38-42 are made and operate generally the same way.

Turning to FIGS. 43-45, these show a variant of the hatch door, i.e. a slightly different hatch door to the ones shown on the access panels in the embodiments in FIGS. 26 and 38. The difference between the hatch door shown in FIGS. 43-45 and the hatch doors shown in the embodiments in FIGS. 26 and 38 above is that, in the hatch doors 320/420 in those earlier access panel embodiments, the holes therein were all formed by laser cutting (or perhaps by drilling), and as a result no portions or edges of the holes were raised relative to the upper surface of the hatch door. In contrast, in the variant hatch door shown in FIGS. 43-45, the small holes are still later cut (or perhaps drilled) and do not have any raised portions, but the larger holes are formed by punching from below. As a consequence, for each of the larger holes, a raised rim is formed which projects vertically upwards from the upper surface of the hatch door. These raised rims may help to increase the rigidity of the surface, and also improve grip. Creating these raised holes using a method other than punching from below is also contemplated.

It should also be noted that whilst FIGS. 43-45 depict larger holes in a hatch door which have been formed so as to be raised, the same could also be done in the surface portion of the deck component in any embodiments of the (decking or access) panels described above or below.

FIGS. 46-50 show a plug which may be used, for example, to secure a link panel between a pair of adjacent panels, e.g. between a pair of adjacent panels. By way of further explanation, when a platform is created in a void in a building using two or more panels, both of which extends between a pair of support members spanning the void, there may sometimes be a space between the two panels (e.g. if for some reason the two panels cannot be pushed directly together or installed directly side-by-side in contact with one another). In such cases, the space between the two panels may be spanned (i.e. covered so as to extend the platform surface over the gap between the two panels) by a link panel. The link panel may have holes, for example, an arrangement of holes similar to the arrangement holes in the surface portions of the panels themselves. In order to secure such a link panel across the space between the other two panels, the link panel may be positioned so that portions of it extend over the top of the surface portion of each of the other two panels, and so that at least some of the holes in the link panel are aligned with correspondingly sized holes in each of the other panel. Once the link panel has been positioned on top of the other two panels (and spanning the gap between them) as described above, plugs like the one shown in FIGS. 46-50 may be inserted into one or more (or all) of the holes in the link panel which are aligned with holes in the first panel and through into the aligned holes in the first panel, and plugs may also be inserted into one or more (or all) of the holes in the link panel which are aligned with the holes in the second panel and through into the aligned holes in the second panel. Thus, the plugs may secure the link panel to, and between, the first and second panels.

Plugs like the one shown in FIGS. 46-50 may also be used for other purposes. For example, in some embodiments it may be possible for hinges attached to the hatch door of an access panel to be secured to one side or other of the panel's deck component using the plugs (although such plugs used for this purpose may need to be smaller than plugs that are size to be used to connect a link panel between a pair of adjacent panels as described above—this is because the holes by which the hinges are connected will typically be smaller). Because the plugs are made from injection moulded plastic, they may be comparatively easily removed, which may enable the side of the panel's deck component to which the hatch door is hinges the connected to be switched if needed.

Turning now to FIGS. 51-65, these figures contain various views of a panel 500 in accordance with another possible embodiment of the invention. The panel 500 in FIGS. 51-65 is again an access panel. The distinction between decking panels and access panels is explained above.

Like the access panel 300 above, access panel 500 is suitable for installation to form a platform or part of a platform in a void of a building structure. Whilst not shown in FIGS. 51-65, the panel 500 (like the access panel 300 above) is operable to extend between (and span the space between) a first support member (e.g. like one of the support struts 20 in FIG. 1) and a second support member (e.g. like the other of the support struts 20 in FIG. 1) where both of the support members extend across at least a portion of the void.

The various parts that make up the panel 500 are perhaps best shown in the exploded view in FIGS. 60-62. As can be seen from these figures, and from FIGS. 51-65 generally, the access panel 500 includes a deck component 510. The deck component has opposed ends, one of which will be referred to as the first end 512 f and the other of which will be referred to as the second end 512 s.

In addition to having the opposed first and second ends 512 f and 512 s, the deck component 510 also has a pair of opposed, substantially straight sides 514. The sides 514 both extend from the first end 512 f to the second end 512 s. The deck component 510 in this embodiment further includes two substantially planar surface portions, namely 516 f (which is a planar surface portion of the deck component located generally at the first end 5120 and 516 s (which is a planar surface portion of the deck component located generally at the second end 512 s). The surface portions 516 f and 516 s (or the upper surfaces thereof which are upwardly-facing when the panel 500 is installed and in use) form part of the working surface of the panel 500, and hence part of the working surface of the platform or part of the platform formed by the panel 500. At the first end 512 f, the surface portion 516 f in this embodiment extends between the opposed sides 514 in the panel's width direction, and in the panel's length direction the surface portion 516 f extends from the first end 512 f towards the second end 512 s until it reaches (and terminates at) an access opening 519. Specifically, in the panel's length direction, the surface portion 516 f extends from the first end 512 f towards the second end 512 s until it reaches (and terminates at) the transverse edge of the access opening 519 which is closest to the first end and which extends between the sides of the deck component 510. At the second end 512 s, the surface portion 516 s in this embodiment also extends between the opposed sides 514 in the panel's width direction, and in the panel's length direction, the surface portion 516 s extends from the second end 512 s back towards the first end 512 f until it reaches (and terminates at) the transverse edge of the access opening 519 which is closest to the second end 512 s and which extends between the sides of the deck component 510. There is also a hatch door 520 which can be closed to cover, and opened to uncover, the access opening 519.

The panel 500 also includes first engaging formations, which in this embodiment take the form of a pair of offset hook components 560. (Note that, in other embodiments, the first engaging formations could take a wide range of other forms or configurations.) The offset hook components 560 are operable to engage with a first support member (e.g. like one of the support struts 20 in FIG. 1) to support the deck component 510 relative to that first support member. The panel 500 also includes second engaging formations, which in this embodiment take the form of a pair of straight hook components 550. (Note that, in other embodiments, the second engaging formations could also take a wide range of other forms or configurations.) The straight hook components 550 are operable to engage with a second support member (e.g. like the other of the support struts 20 in FIG. 1) to support the deck component 510 relative to that second support member. The offset hook components 560 (which are the first engaging formations in this embodiment), and the straight hook components 550 (which are the second engaging formations in this embodiment), are the same as the offset hook components 160 and straight hook components 150 described above. The way in which, and the location at which, these connect to the deck component 510 is also the same as above.

The deck component 510 of the panel also has a planar side portion 517 on both sides. The side portions 517 both extend (or depend) vertically downward from the respective sides 514 of the deck component 510. (Note that, in this embodiment, the sides 514 of the deck component 510 are not simply equivalent to the sides of the surface portions 516 f and 516 s, because neither of the surface portions 516 f and 516 s extend all the way from the first end 512 f to the second end 512 s, but the sides 514 of the deck component do). Both of the side portions 517 extend for the full length of the deck component 510 (i.e. from the first end 512 f to the second end 512 s) and both of the side portions 517 are oriented perpendicular to the plane of the surface portions 516 f and 516 s (which are coplanar).

The entire deck component 510 (i.e. including the surface portions 516 f and 516 s and the two side portions 517) is formed as a single piece, unitary component. More specifically, the entire deck component 510 is formed by roll forming and/or folding a single piece (or a single section or a single length) of aluminium alloy sheet. (Note that the holes that are formed in and extend across the majority of the area of both of the surface portions 516 f and 516 s are formed as a separate step or operation from the roll forming and/or folding operation that gives the deck component 510 its overall shape. Likewise, the step of removing material from the deck component 510 to allow for the formation of the access opening 519 (for example by laser cutting or other form of material removal technique) is also separate from the operation of roll forming and/or folding that gives the deck component 510 its overall shape.) The thickness of the aluminium alloy sheet from which the deck component is made may be varied according to the different strength and/or rigidity requirements that may exist in different applications. However, in the embodiment shown, the aluminium sheet has a thickness of 3 mm, and this is sufficient to provide the required strength and rigidity. Note also that, whilst the material used to form the deck component in this embodiment is aluminium alloy sheet, sheet of other kinds of metal (e.g. different grades of steel or the like) may also be used.

Also, as in the other decking panel and access panel embodiments above, the lower long side edge of each of the side portions 517 is “folded under” inwards so as to form a small, upwardly-opening channel 518 extending along on the inside at the bottom of each of the side portions 517. These channels 518 serves the same purposes as described above.

Therefore, as in the other decking panel and access panel embodiments above, when the mounting portions 552, 562 of the respective hook components 550, 560 are attached to the inside surfaces of the side portions 517 at their respective ends, the result of this is that these hook components 550, 560 (which are the panel's second and first engaging formations in this embodiment) consequently engage with the deck component 510, and when the panel 500 is in use, the hook components 550, 560 also engage with the relevant supporting members (support struts) from almost (or as close as possible to) directly beneath, and almost (or as close as possible to) within the same vertical plane as, each of the very outside straight sides 514 of the deck component. Because the hook components 550, 560 (the second and first engaging formations) support the deck component 510 at either end relative to their associated support member (struts) from approximately directly vertically beneath each of the straight sides 514 of the deck component, consequently even if a significant vertical impact or load is imposed on one of the very outside edges or sides of the panel 500, the line of action of such force would effectively extend through (or at least very close to) the location (in the horizontal/width direction of the panel) where the hook components 550, 560 support the deck component. Therefore, there would be no (or substantially no) space or distance in the horizontal/width direction of the panel between the location where the force is applied (on the very outer side 514) and the location where the support member(s) support the deck component 510. Consequently, it may be that no (or substantially no) lever arm is created that would cause the panel to tip or tilt.

As above, in the access panel 500, there are holes that are formed in/through, and which extend across, the majority of the area of the surface portions 516 f and 516 s. More specifically, there are two sets of holes, namely a set of larger holes and a set of smaller holes. Both sets of holes (i.e. both the larger holes and the smaller holes) are evenly distributed across both of the surface portions 516 f and 516 s. Both sets of holes are arranged in a pattern of straight rows extending across the width dimension and straight columns extending along the length dimension (i.e. in a grid pattern). The smaller holes are offset from the larger holes (i.e. the grid pattern of small holes is offset from the grid pattern of larger holes), and the grid of smaller holes is interspersed between and amongst the grid of larger holes. The holes in the surface portions serve the same purposes as described above.

The panel 500 also includes a pair of cross bracing members 530, which are the same as the cross bracing members 330 described above. The panel 500 further includes a ladder bracing member 535 which is different to any of the cross bracing members described above. The two cross bracing members 530 extend across the space between the side portions 517 beneath the surface portion 516 f. The ladder bracing member 535 extend across the space between the side portions 517 beneath the surface portion 516 s. The two cross bracing members 530, and also the ladder bracing member 535, are attached by rivets (or other mechanical fasteners such as nuts, bolts, screws or the like) which are inserted through the relevant surface portion and through an upper flange of the cross bracing member 530 or ladder bracing member 535 to secure cross bracing member 530 or ladder bracing member 535 in place on the underside of the deck component 510.

In this embodiment, one of the cross bracing members 530 is at the first end 512 f. The other cross bracing member 530 is associated with the access opening and hatch door. More specifically, as best shown in FIGS. 54 and 56, the second of the cross bracing members 530 is attached directly below (or below and very close to) the edge where the surface portion 516 f terminates at the access opening 519. On the opposite side of the access opening 519, the ladder bracing member 535 extends across between the side portions 517 at a longitudinal location beneath where the surface portion 516 s terminates at the access opening 519. Thus, the second of the cross bracing members 530, and the ladder bracing member 535, which are associated with the respective opposed transverse edges of the access opening 519, and the two longitudinal bracing members 580 that extend longitudinal between them, provide additional rigidity to support the hatch door when it is in the closed position (flush with the surface portions 516 f and 516 s) to cover the access opening 519.

It should be noted that there are a number of differences between the cross bracing members 530 and the ladder bracing member 535. As mentioned above, the cross bracing members 530 are the same as the cross bracing members 330 and 130 used in other embodiments above. However, the ladder bracing member 535 is different in a number of respects. One difference is that there are two slots 536 formed in the upper flange portion of the ladder bracing member 535. As can be seen from e.g. FIGS. 54, 60 and 64-65, when the access panel 500 is assembled with the ladder bracing member 535 located beneath the transverse edge of the access opening 519 which is closest to the second end 512 s, the two slots 536 in the upper flange of the ladder bracing member 535 are aligned with a pair of correspondingly sized and shaped slots 513 formed into the surface portion 516 s. The slots 513 are effectively extensions of the access opening 519 which are indented or extend in the longitudinal direction into the surface portion 516 s. Another difference between the ladder bracing member 535 and the cross bracing members 530/330/130 is that, whereas each of the cross bracing members 530 (and 330 and 130) have an upper/horizontal flange portion that joins to a lower/vertical web portion at a right angle, in comparison with this, the ladder bracing member 535 has an upper/horizontal flange portion (with the slots 536 therein) which joins to a lower web portion at an angle slightly off 90°. As a result, when the panel 500 is assembled and installed in a void (in a horizontal orientation), the lower web portion of the ladder bracing member 535 is orientated at an angle slightly off vertical. The reason for this will be described below.

FIGS. 64 and 65 further show that there is a ladder clamping member 537 which can be detached from (see FIG. 64) and attached to (see FIG. 65) the ladder bracing member 535. As shown in FIGS. 64 and 65, the ladder clamping member 537 has a pair of holes therein, and when the ladder clamping member 537 is attached to the ladder bracing member 535 (as shown in FIG. 65), a pair of threaded rods associated with the ladder bracing member 535 (or the threaded shaft of a pair of bolts extending through the ladder bracing member 535) also extend through the pair of holes in the ladder clamping member 537. Therefore, nuts can be screwed onto each of these threaded shafts in order to firmly secure the ladder clamping member 537 to the ladder bracing member 535. The ladder clamping member 537 helps to secure a ladder relative to the panel 500 in a manner that will now be described.

Recall that the access panel 500 will be used to form part of the working surface of a platform installed in a void in a building at an elevated height. Therefore, there will often be a need for workers to gain access to the elevated platform from below. In the previous embodiment of the access panel 300 above, a worker could position a ladder so that the upper end of the ladder extended through the ladder top receiving opening 319 a and leaned against the cross bracing member 330 closest to the second end 312 s (and with the bottom end of the ladder resting on the ground or floor below). The worker could then ascend the ladder, open the access door 320 from below (once they have climbed far enough up the ladder to do so), and then climb through the access opening 319 to gain access to the platform before closing the hatch door 320. Whilst this is a workable means for enabling a worker to gain access to the elevated platform from below, there are still a number of potential hazards associated with this. For one thing, the upper end of the ladder simply extends through the ladder top receiving opening 319 a in the access platform 300, and the ladder simply rests against the cross bracing member 330 which is closest to the second end 312 s. However, with the ladder simply resting against this cross bracing member 300, there would be nothing to stop the top of the ladder from sliding from side to side in the transverse direction (i.e. in a direction across the width of the panel). Therefore, with the arrangement used in the access panel 300, there is a possibility that the ladder could wobble from side to side. Also, with the arrangement used in the access panel 300, if (for example) the bottom of the ladder were to slip on the floor below, there would be nothing to prevent the ladder from simply sliding down and out of the ladder top receiving opening 319 a, and if a worker is on the ladder when this happens, this could lead to serious injury (as the ladder (with the worker on it) crashes to the floor below). Another issue associated with the configuration of the access panel 300 is that, upon reaching the top of the ladder (and after opening the access door 320), in order to gain the elevated platform through the access opening 319, the worker needs to reach/step/climb over the cross bracing member 330 that separates the access opening 319 from the ladder top receiving opening 319 a. This may add somewhat to the difficulty of ascending the ladder and gaining the platform, which may add to the potential danger, particularly if the worker is carrying or burdened with tools, building materials, or like, while trying to ascend the ladder and gain the platform.

The configuration of the access panel 500 may help to reduce some of the dangers associated with the access panel 300 just described. For instance, with the access panel 500, when it is required to install a ladder to facilitate access to the platform from below, the first step is to detach the ladder clamping member 537, as shown in FIG. 64. Then, the upper end of the ladder can be extended into and through the access opening 519. After that, the ladder can be leaned against the transverse edge of the access opening 519 that is supported by the ladder bracing member 535. When this is done, the longitudinal siderails of the ladder insert snugly into the respective slots 513 in the surface portion 516 s (and also into the respective slots 536 in the ladder bracing member 535). Once the ladder is correctly positioned with its siderails fitted into the slots 513 (and 536) and also with the bottom end of the ladder in contact with the ground/floor below, the ladder clamping ember 537 can be reattached to the ladder bracing member 535. FIG. 65 shows the ladder clamping member 537 attached to the ladder bracing member 535. However, FIG. 65 does not show a ladder in position when the clamping member 537 is secured to the ladder bracing member 535. Nevertheless, it will be appreciated from FIG. 65 that, when a ladder is installed with its side rails received in the slots 513 (and 536), reinstalling the clamping member 537 thereafter and securing the clamping member 537 in place (by way of nuts (or wing nuts of the like) screwed onto the threaded bolts) will secure the ladder relative to the panel 500, thus securing the ladder in position (i.e. securing it against sideways or longitudinal movement). Securing the ladder in this way also helps to alleviate the danger of the ladder sliding down and out of the access opening 519 and falling away from below the platform while the hatch door is open (as was a danger with the access panel 300 described above). This is because, with the clamping member 537 securing the ladder in place, the ladder also cannot slide vertically out of engagement with the panel 500. At worst, the ladder may slide a short distance, but only until the first rung of the ladder which is located above the level of the platform (i.e. above the level of the surface portion 516 s) collides with the part of the surface portion 516 s which extends between the slots 513. However, once that rung of the ladder hits the part of the surface portion 516 s that extends between the slots 513, the rung cannot then pass through or around this part of the surface portion 516 s (because of the way the siderails of the ladder are clamped into the slots 513 by the clamping member 537), so this prevents the ladder from sliding any further downward. Therefore, perhaps the worst a worker might experience is a jolt if the ladder slides downward by this small amount while the worker is ascending the ladder. The ladder will, however, be prevented from sliding down and out of engagement with the panel/platform and crashing to the ground with the worker on it.

It should also be noted that, as mentioned above, the angle of the lower web portion of the ladder bracing member 535 is oriented slightly off vertical. In fact, the angle of the lower web portion of the ladder bracing member 535 (when the access panel 500 is fully assembled and installed horizontally as part of a platform in a void) is oriented at an angle which corresponds to a safe angle for a ladder to be installed at, and for workers to ascend and descend the ladder safely. Therefore, when the ladder is secured firmly relative to (clamped against) the ladder bracing member 535, the siderails of the ladder are pressed firmly against the (slightly off vertical) web portion of the bracing member 535. This causes the ladder to be forced into an orientation (i.e. the ladder assumes an angle) which is the same as the angle of orientation of the (slightly off vertical) web portion of the bracing member 535. And, because the angle of the web portion of the bracing member 535 is an angle at which a ladder can be installed in order to be safely ascended and descended by workers, the configuration of the bracing member 535 consequently helps to ensure that the ladder is installed (and secured) at a safe angle of inclination for use.

It should also be noted that, when the ladder is installed and secured relative to the panel 500, as described above, the fact that the siderails of the ladder are secured within the slots 513 (and 536) ensures that the latter is prevented from wobbling in the sideways of transverse direction.

Another thing to note is that the shape of the hatch door 520 (and consequently the size of the access opening 519) in the access panel 500 is slightly different to the shape of the access door 320 (and access opening 319) in the access panel 300. More specifically, the hatch door 520 (and access opening 519) in the access panel 500 extends further (i.e. is larger) in the panel's longitudinal direction than the hatch door 320 (and access opening 319) of the access panel 300. This slightly larger hatch door 520/access opening 519 has the benefit of providing a larger opening for workers to pass through as they climb up or down through the access opening 519. This may be useful, for example if the worker is carrying or burdened with tools, or carrying or burdened with building materials, or the like, as the larger size of the of the opening may make it easier for the worker to pass up or down through the opening, or prevent any tools or materials (et cetera) being carried by the worker from catching on the edges of the opening.

Next, note that although the exploded views in FIGS. 60-62 appear to suggest that that the hatch door 520 is completely separable from the deck component 510 to open the access opening 519 (i.e. these figures appear to suggest that the hatch door 520 is removable in the manner of a manhole cover or the like), although this is possible, this is not usually the way in which the hath door 520 will be opened to allow access through the access opening 319. Rather, the hatch door 520 will normally be opened in the manner depicted in FIG. 63. As FIG. 63 shows, the hatch door 520 will normally be hingedly connected to one of the sides of the deck component 510 so that the hatch door can be opened and closed relative to the access opening 519 by pivoting about the hinge(s). It will be noted from several of the Figures that hatch door 520 has two pairs of holes 521 on one side. These holes are intended to allow a pair of hinges (not shown) to be connected to that side of the hatch door 520. However, it will also be noted that there are four holes 511 on the deck component, or more accurately two holes 511 on one side of the deck component 510 and two holes 511 on the other side of the deck component 510. By providing two holes on either side of the deck component 510, it will be appreciated that the hinges connected to hatch door 520 can be attached to either one side, or the other side, of the deck component 510. Accordingly, the hatch door 520 can be hingedly connected to one side of the deck component 510, or rotated 180° and hingedly connected to the other side of the deck component, depending on which way that hatch door 520 is required (or preferred) to swing open in a particular situation. It should also be noted that one or more holes 522 are provided on the opposite side of the hatch door 520 from the hinge connection holes 521. The hole(s) 522 are to facilitate the connection of a handle or the like which can be grasped to raise and lower the hatch door to open and close it.

For access panels, whether or not there are any further or additional cross bracing members 330 (i.e. any other than those mentioned above) will depend on the length and width of the panel and the amount of additional cross bracing required. In the embodiment in FIGS. 51-65, the length and width of the panel is such no further cross bracing members 530 (i.e. other than those mentioned above) are needed. However, in other embodiments, a greater number of cross bracing members may be required along the length of the panel (generally if the panel is longer).

In the present specification and claims (if any), the word ‘comprising’ and its derivatives including ‘comprises’ and ‘comprise’ include each of the stated integers but does not exclude the inclusion of one or more further integers.

Reference throughout this specification to ‘one embodiment’ or ‘an embodiment’ means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the present invention. Thus, the appearance of the phrases ‘in one embodiment’ or ‘in an embodiment’ in various places throughout this specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more combinations.

In compliance with the statute, the invention has been described in language more or less specific to structural or methodical features. It is to be understood that the invention is not limited to specific features shown or described since the means herein described comprises preferred forms of putting the invention into effect. The invention is, therefore, claimed in any of its forms or modifications within the proper scope of the appended claims (if any) appropriately interpreted by those skilled in the art. 

1. A panel suitable for installation to form a platform or part of a platform in a void of a building structure, the panel being operable to extend between a first support member and a second support member where both support members extend across at least a portion of the void, the panel comprising: a deck component with: a first end and a second end opposite the first end; a pair of opposed, substantially straight sides each extending from the first end to the second end; and a substantially planar surface portion which extends: between the opposed sides at the first end, and from the first end at least part of the way, but not necessarily all the way, to the second end; and one or more first engaging formations at the first end of the deck component operable to engage with the first support member to support the deck component relative to the first support member, and one or more second engaging formations at the second end of the deck component operable to engage with the second support member to support the deck component relative to the second support member, wherein at least one out of the first and second engaging formation(s) is/are configured to support the relevant end of the deck component relative to the relevant support member from approximately directly vertically beneath, and/or from approximately within vertical planes containing, each of the straight sides of the deck component.
 2. A panel as claimed in claim 1, wherein the deck component further includes a side portion, the side portion extending at least partly along one of the sides of the deck component.
 3. A panel as claimed in claim 2, wherein there is a single side portion on each side of the deck component, and on each side of the deck component the side portion extends substantially along the whole side from the first end to the second end.
 4. A panel as claimed in claim 3, wherein the surface portion and the side portions of the deck component are formed as a single, unitary component from a single piece of material.
 5. A panel as claimed in claim 4, wherein the deck component is roll formed and/or folded from sheet metal.
 6. A panel as claimed in claim 1, wherein the surface portion of the deck component has a number of relatively larger holes and also a number of relatively smaller holes formed therein, wherein the larger holes and the smaller holes are interspersed evenly, or in a consistent or repeating arrangement with one another, over at least a portion of the area of the surface portion.
 7. A panel as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the first engaging formation(s) include a pair of hook members, each hook member has a mounting portion and a support member engaging portion, the mounting portion of one of the hook members is mounted to an inside surface of the side portion on one side of the deck component, such that the support member engaging portion of this hook member projects out beyond the first end of the deck component, and the mounting portion of the other of the hook member is mounted to an inside surface of the side portion on the other side of the deck component, such that the support member engaging portion of that hook member also projects out beyond the first end of the deck component. and wherein: the second engaging formation(s) also include a pair of hook members, each hook member has a mounting portion and a support member engaging portion, the mounting portion of one of the hook members is mounted to an inside surface of the side portion on one side of the deck component, such that the support member engaging portion of this hook member projects out beyond the second end of the deck component, and the mounting portion of the other of the hook member is mounted to an inside surface of the side portion on the other side of the deck component, such that the support member engaging portion of that hook member also projects out beyond the second end of the deck component.
 8. A panel as claimed in claim 7, wherein: at one of the ends of the deck component, the support member engaging portions of the two hook members are horizontally offset (i.e. horizontally inwards or horizontally outwards) relative to the mounting portions, and at the other end of the deck component, the support member engaging portions of the two hook members are not horizontally offset relative to the mounting portions.
 9. A panel as claimed in claim 1, wherein the deck component includes an access opening.
 10. A panel as claimed in claim 9, wherein the panel also has a hatch door which can be closed to cover the access opening and opened to allow access through the access opening.
 11. A panel as claimed in claim 10, wherein the hatch door is hingedly connected to (or near) one of the sides of the deck component and pivots about the hinged connection when it is moved from open to closed and closed to open.
 12. A panel as claimed in claim 9, wherein the deck component includes a ladder top receiving opening.
 13. A panel as claimed in claim 12, wherein in the deck component: the surface portion extends: in a width direction of the panel, between the opposed sides at the first end, and in a length direction of the panel, from the first end towards the second end before reaching an edge of the access opening closest to the first end; the access opening extends: in the width direction of the panel, between the opposed sides, and in the length direction of the panel, from the edge of the access opening closest to the first end towards the second end before reaching an edge of the ladder top receiving opening closest to the first end; and the ladder top receiving opening in the width direction of the panel, between the opposed side, and in the length direction of the panel, towards the second end from the edge of the ladder top receiving opening closest to the first end and for at least part of the way, but not necessarily all of the way, to the second end.
 14. A panel as claimed in claim 9, wherein in the deck component: the surface portion extends: in a width direction of the panel, between the opposed sides at the first end, and in a length direction of the panel, from the first end towards the second end before reaching an edge of the access opening closest to the first end; and in a width direction of the panel, between the opposed sides at the second end, and in a length direction of the panel, from the second end back towards the first end before reaching an edge of the access opening closest to the second end; and the access opening extends: in the width direction of the panel, between the opposed sides, and in the length direction of the panel, between the edge of the access opening closest to the first end and the edge of the access opening closest to the second end.
 15. A panel as claimed in claim 14, further including means for securing a ladder relative to the panel.
 16. A panel as claimed in claim 15, wherein the means for securing a ladder relative to the panel is operable: to secure the ladder against sideways movement relative to the panel, and/or to secure the ladder against movement relative to the panel in a length direction of the panel, and/or to secure the ladder against sliding vertically/down relative to the panel and out of engagement with the panel.
 17. A panel as claimed in any one of claim 15, wherein the means for securing a ladder relative to the panel includes a pair of slots or openings which extend from the access opening into the surface portion, each of the slots being spaced from the other in the panel's width direction by a distance suitable to receive siderails of a ladder, and the means for securing a ladder relative to the panel further includes a securing member, the securing member being operable to be disengaged relative to the surface portion to allow installation of the ladder with the siderails of the ladder being received in the slots, and the securing member also being operable to be engaged relative to the surface portion to secure the siderails of the ladder in the slots.
 18. A panel as claimed in claim 17, wherein the surface portion of the deck component has a part which extends in between the slots, and when a ladder is secured relative to the panel with the siderails of the ladder secured in the slots, the ladder is prevented from sliding vertically out of engagement with the panel provided at least one rung of the ladder is installed above the surface portion.
 19. A panel suitable for installation to form a platform or part of a platform in a void of a building structure, the panel comprising: a deck component with a substantially planar surface portion; an access opening in the surface portion, optionally, a cover for covering/closing and uncovering/opening the access opening in the surface portion; and means for securing a ladder relative to the panel.
 20. A panel as claimed in claim 19, wherein the means for securing a ladder relative to the panel includes a pair of slots or openings which extend from the access opening into the surface portion, each of the slots being spaced from the other in a sideways (width) direction of the panel by a distance suitable to receive siderails of a ladder and, the means for securing a ladder relative to the panel further includes a securing member, the securing member being operable to be disengaged relative to the surface portion to allow installation of a ladder with the siderails of the ladder being received in the slots, and the securing member also being operable to be engaged relative to the surface portion to secure the siderails of the ladder in the slots. 